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NeW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES,

LATE

LYCEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.

VOLUME VII.

1892-1894.

NEW YORK: PUBLISHED BY THE ACADEMY.

OF THE

NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

atl

an Te

le eo he Ah

CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIL.

BY THOS. L. CASEY.

PAGE. Art.",11I.—Coleopterological Notices V. . : : ! . + 281 BY CARL H. EIGENMANN. Art. V.—Notes on some South American Fishes. : ‘ : #1620 BY CARL H. EIGENMANN AND WILLIAM L. BRAY. Art. IV.—A Revision of the American Cichlide . . . . . 607 BY J. F. KEMP AND ARTHUR HOLLICK. Art. VI.—The Granite at Mounts Adam and Eve, Warwick, Orange County, N. Y., and its Contact Phenomena . : : i . 638 BY THOMAS MORONG AND N. L. BRITTON. Art. IJ.—An Enumeration of the Plants Collected by Dr. Thomas Morong in Paraguay, 1888-1890 . : 4 ; : , eat 25) BY ©. H. TYLER TOWNSEND. Axt I.—Catalogue of the described South American species of Calyptrate Muscidee : ‘ : : : : : : : : : 1

Nore.—For descriptive references to the three plates which accompany the present volume, see page 605, and Art. VI., page 638.

OPRICERS OF THE ACADEMY.

liters e

PRESIDENT. H. CARRINGTON BOLTON.

VICE-PRESIDENTS. J. A. ALLEN, HENRY F. OSBORN.

CORRESPONDING SECRETARY. THOS. L. CASEY.

RECORDING SECRETARY. Ne ES BRITON:

TREASURER. CHAS HF: COX.

COMMITTEE OF PUBLICATION. J. A. ALLEN, N. L. BRITTON, HAROLD JACOBY, H. F. OSBORN, THOS. L. CASEY, Editor of Annals.

ACN NOAA L's

' OF THE

NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCKS,

VOLUME VII.

a I.— Catalogue of the described South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

BY C. H. TYLER TOWNSEND.

Read June 6, 1892.

The present catalogue is offered in the hope that it will materially facilitate the study, in this country, of the South American Calyp- trate Muscide. Though it doubtless contains much synonymy, which it is impossible to clear up at the present time, it will never- theless serve as a valuable basis for future study of the group. Much time has been spent in its preparation, and the references have been carefully compared. Most of the synonymy advanced by various authors has been included, so far'as met with. With the quite extensive literature which has been at the writer’s command, it is hoped that the catalogue will be found almost complete up to the present time. For obvious reasons, most of the new genera of Brauer and von Bergenstamm, belonging to South America, are in- cluded and made to embrace the species referred to them, since these authors have critically examined many of the older types and their decisions will have much value in the final placing of the species. So far as possible, a certain natural (?) order has been observed in the sequence of the genera. It is possible, however, that in some eases even the family position of a genus may be misconceived, owing to a more or less incomplete understanding of many of the recent genera. |

Annas N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.—1

2 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

At the end will be found a list of the titles in full which the writer has personally examined in'the preparation of the catalogue, and from which all the specific references herein contained have been gathered.

Fam. OESTRIDAE.

Gen. OESTRUS. Linn., Faun. Suec. 1730. (1761).

ovis L., Fab., Latr., Oliv., et al. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 151, pl. 3, f. 1, pl. 6, f. 1, pl. 7, f. 10.—Brazil, Chili (Br.).

Gen. COLAX. Wied., Anal. Ent. 17. Aus. Zw. ii, 260. (1824).

macula Wd., Analect. Ent. 18, f.8. Aus. Zw. ii, 261, pl. 9, f.11. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 52.—Brazil (Wd. Mcq.).

Gen. CTENOSTYLUM. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 167. (1850).

rufum Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 168, pl. 25, f.1. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 52.— Amazon River (Br. Mcq.).

Gen. CEPHENOMYIA. Latreille, Fam. Natur. (1825).

grandis Guér., Icon. An. 547. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 213.—Patagonia (Br.).

Gen. CUTEREBRA. Clark, Essay on Bots. (1815).

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 22, pl. 2, f. 5. Joly, Rech. Oestr. 278, f. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 237, pl. 4, f. 1, pl. 6, f. 8. v.d. Wulp, Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 2.—Brazil (Br. Mcq.); Mexico (Br.); Costa Rica, Panama (v.d. W.).

cayennensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 23. Joly, Rech. Oestr. 289. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 240.—Cayenne (Br. Mcq.).

ephippium Latr., Nouv. Dict.d’Hist. Nat. xxiii, 271. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 48. Joly, Rech. Oestr. 278. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 235.—Cayenne (Mcq.).

megastoma Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 247, pl. 4, f. 5, pl. 6, f. 12.—So. Amer.

patagona Guér., Icon. An. 547. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 246.—Patagonia (Br.).

rufiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 21, pl. 2, f.4. Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 245.— Para (Br. Mcq.).

._ Gen. DERMATOBIA. Brauer, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. x. (1860).

cyaneiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 23 (Cuterebra). Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 266. ; Sch. Novara, 338. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 91.—So. Amer. (Sch.) ; Brazil (Br. Mcq.).

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 3

noxialis Goud., Ann. Sc. Nat. 3 ser. iii, 229 (Cuterebra). Brauer, Mon. Oestr. 266, pl. 4, f. 7, pl. 6, f. 13, pl. 10, f. 1.—-Colombia (Goud. Br.); Bahia (Br.); Centr. Am.

Gen. ROGENHOFERA. Brauer, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien. xiii. (1863).

trigonophora Brauer, Zool. Bot. Ges. xiii. Mon. Oestr. 217, pl. 4, f. 8, pl. 6, f. 14, pl. 10, f. 5. Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 91.—Bahia (Br.).

Fam. PHASIIDAE.

Gen. TRICHOPODA. Latr. in Cuvier, Régne Anim. v, 512. (1829).

apicalis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 271.—Brazil. arcuata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1876, 397.—Chili. bicolor Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1876, 395.—Buenos Ayres. ciliata Fab., Syst. Ant. 315 (Ocyptera). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 273. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 77, pl. 9, f. 1.—So. Amer. (Fab. Wd.) ; Carolina (Mcq.). Note.—This is supposed to be the 9 of 7. pennipes. decisa W1k., Dipt. Saund. 259.—Amazon River. gradata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 275.—Brazil. inconstans Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 270.—Brazil. lateralis WIk., List, 697.—Brazil. luteipennis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 279.—Brazil. melanopus Rob. Desv., Myod. 284.—Brazil. nigripennis Big., An. Soc. Ent. F. 1876, 396.—Buenos Ayres. obscura Big., An. Soe. Ent. F. 1876, 399.—Buenos Ayres. pennipes Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, 348 (Musca). Syst. Ant. 327 (Dictya). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 274. Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 79. R. D., Myod. 288. v.d. W., Amer. Dipt. iii, 15. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 3.—Brazil (B. B., Willist. in litt.) ; Argentine Rep., Mexico (v. d. W.); U.S. Syn. Phasia jugatoria Say, Jour. Ac. Phil., vi, 172. Compl. Wr. ii, 364. pictipennis Big., An. Soc. Ent. F. 1876, 398.—So. Amer. pilipes Fab., Syst. Ant. 220 (Thereva). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 272. Perty. Delect. an. Brasil. 186, pl. 37, f. 5.—So. Amer. (Fab. Wd.); Bahia (Pty.). pyrrhogaster Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 272. v. Roéder., Stett. Ent. Zeit. 1885, 344. v.d. Wulp., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 3.—?So. Amer. (Wd.); Porto Rico (v. Réd.); Guatemala (v. d. W.); Cuba; Texas (H. Lw.). Note.— 7. haitensis R. D. is supposed to be a synonym of this species. subcilipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 77, pl. 9, f. 2.—Guiana. umbra WIk., List, 698.—Venezuela.

Gen. BIBIOMIMA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz.i, 80. (1889).

handlirschi Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 80, 103.—Brazil.

4 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. HYALOMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myodaires, 298. (1830).

chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 216, pl. 20, f. 4.—Chili. freyreisii Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 263 (Phasia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 78, pl. 9 f. 4.—Brazil.

~

Gen. ALOPHORA. Rob. Desv., Myodaires, 293. (1830).

micans v. d. Wulp., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 14.—Argentine Rep.

Fam. OCYPTERIDAE. Gen. ICELIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 224. (1830).

brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 224.—Brazil. flavescens R. D., Myod. 224.—Brazil.

Gen. OCYPTHERA. Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. et Crust. xiv, 378. (1804).

apicalis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1878, 45.—Chili. dorsalis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 264.—Brazil.

nigrina v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 15.—Argentine Rep. obscura Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1878, 44.—Brazil. similis R. D., Myod. 230.—Brazil.

Gen. HERMYA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 226. (1830).

afra R. D., Myod. 227.—Brazil.

Gen. GLOSSIDIONOPHORA. Bigot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 11 Mch. (1885).

nigra Big., Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 11 Mch.—Buenos Ayres.

Fam. PHANIIDAE. — Gen. PHANIA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. iv, 218. (1824).

simillima Fab., Syst. Ant. 313 (Ocyptera). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 267.—So. Amer. (Fab. Wd.).

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 5

Fam. TACHINIDAE.

Gen. DEJHANTIA. Rob. Desv., Myodaires, 33. (1830).

argyropus Sch., Novara, 337.—So. Amer. armata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 287 (Zuchina). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 168, pl. 15, f. ‘7. Sch., Novara, 337. Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 64, f. 233. v.d. W., Amer. Dipt. iii, 17.—Brazil (Sch. Mcq.); Montevideo (v. d. W.); Cuba (Wd.). canescens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 143, pl. 12, f. 1.—Colombia. corpulenta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 280 (Zuchina). v.d. Wulp., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 16. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 9, pl. 1, f. 4.—Bogota (v.d. W.); Mexico (Wd. Meq.); Colo. (0. 8.);-New Mex., Arizona, Costa Rica, Panama (v.d. W.). Syn. D. rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 35, pl. 3, f. 1. Syn. D. venatrix 0. S., West. Dipt. 348. honesta Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aiq. Osculati (Nu. An. Sc. Nat. Bolog. 1850), 6.—Rio Napo. pallida R. D., Dipt. env. Paris, i, 653. Svh., Novara, 337.—So. Amer. (Sch.). - pallipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 34, pl. 2, f. 9, Sup. i, 143. Sch., Novara, 337. v.d. Wulp., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 16. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 8, pl. 1, ff. 1, la, 1b.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Bogota (Meq., v. d. W.); Costa Rica; Panama (v. d. W.). plumitarsis v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 16. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 10, pl. 1, ff. 5a, 5b.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Bogota (Mcq.); Mexico; Guatemala; Costa Rica (v.d. W.). Syn. D. corpulenta Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 35. Sup.i, 143, pl.12,f.2. Sch., Novara, 337. Echinomyia corpulenta Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 77. podiceria Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 17, f. 14.—Hquatorial America.

Gen. CRYPTOPALPUS. Rondani, Esap. ditt. (sep.) 7. Annalidi Bologna. (1850).

histrix Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 18.—Bogota.

ornatus Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 47, pl. 4, f. 6 (Micropalpus). Sch., Nov. 333 (Saundersia). Rdi., Esap. Ditt. 9, No. 6 (sep.). Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 64, f. 237.—Colombia (Sch., Mcq.); Venezuela (Rdi., B. B.); Mexico (Mcq.).

palliceps Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 94.—Colombia.

Gen. LASIOPALPUS. Meq., Dipt. Exot. Sup. ii, 63. (1847). flavitarsis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Supl. ii, 64, pl. iii, f.1. Sch., Novara, 337. B.B., Mus. Sch. i, 63, f. 228.—So. Amer. (Sch.).

Gen. BOMBYLIOMYIA, Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 63. (1889). flavipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 147, pl. 12, f.10 (Hystricia). Sch., Novara, 332 (Hystricia). Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 17 (Hystricia). Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 63.—Brazil (Sch. Mcq.); So. Amer. (Rdi.).

6 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

flavitarsis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 148, pl. 13, f. 9 (Hystricia). Sch., Novara, 332 (do.). Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aig. Osculati, 8 (do.). Br. Bgst., Musc. Sch. ii, 105.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Colombia (Mcq.); Rio Napo (Rdi.).

testacea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 148, pl. 13, f. 2 (Hystricia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colormbia (Mcq.).

Gen. TROPIDOPSIS. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 64. (1889).

pyrrhaspis W4d., Aus. Zw. ti, 307 (Tachina). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 43 (Hystri- cia). Sch., Nov. 332 (do.). v.d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 18 (do.). Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. i, 64.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Amer. (Sch.); Mexico; Gua- temala (v. d. W.).

Gen. HYSTRICIA. Macq., Dipt. Exot. ii, 3, 43. (1843).

ambigua Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup.iv, 172. v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 13, pl. 1, f.7. B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colo.; Orizaba; Guatemala ; Costa Rica (v. d. W.); So. Amer. (B. B.). Note.—It may ke that the locality of So. Amer. given by Br. and Bgst. is a typographical as well as a topographical error ! copulata Wd., pt. Aus. Zw. ii, 295 (Tachina). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.— Brazil (Wd.). etythrina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 79.—Bahia. immaculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 148, pl. 12, f. 9.—Colombia. nigroscutata Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 18.—Colombia. obesa Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Venezuela. Note.—Is this species described ? palpina Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aiq. Oscul. 8.—Rio Napo. tarsata Sch., Novara, 333.—So. America.

Gen. JURINELLA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 64. (1889).

coeruleonigra Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 146, pl. 12, f. 8(Jurinia). B.B., Mus. Sch. i, 64, f. 235.—New Granada (Mcq., B. B.).

Gen. SAUNDERSIA. Schiner, Novara Dipt. 333. (1868).

affinis Sch., Novara, 336.—So. Amer. albolineatus Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 99 (Micropalpus).—Colombia. Note.—Meq. says that the absence of the antenne and palpi makes his generic determination doubtful. The bare eyes and other points in the description suggest the genus Saundersia. dorsopunctata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 47, pl. 4, f. 5 (Micropalpus). Schiner, Novara, 334.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Bogota (Mcq.). flavicans Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 151, pl. 13, f. 4 (ALicropalpus).—Colombia. Note.—As the eyes are bare, and the third antennal joint not elongate, this should doubtless be referred to Saundersia.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 7

flavitarsis Guérin, Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 47, pl. 5, f.1. Sup. i, 152, pl. 13, f. 7. Sup. iii, 45 (Micropalpus). Schiner, Novara, 334.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Venezuela (Rdi.); Quito, Peru; Colombia; Mexico (Mcq.).

Syn. Epalpus pallitarsis Rdi. Esap. Ditt. 8, No. 5.

heros Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colombia (B. B.).

-Note.—Is this species described ? _ hystrix Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colombia (B. B.). Note.—Is this described ?

inornata Sch., Novara, 335.—So. Amer.

macula Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 46, pl. 5, f. 2 (Micropalpus). Sch., Nov. 334. v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 21, pl. 1, f.16.—So. Amer. (Mcq., Sch.); Costa Rica (v. d. W.).

nigriventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 44, pl. 4, f. 3 (Hystricia). L.c. Sup. i, 150 (Micropalpus). Sch., Novara, 334. v. Réder, Dipt. ges. 8. A. Al. Stitibel, 10 (sep.).—So. Amer. (Sch.); Colombia (Mcq., v. Réd.).

nitidus Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 174, pl. 15, f. 14 (Micropalpus).—So. Amer.

Note.—Probably belongs in Saundersia.

peruviana Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iii, 45, pl. 5, f. 2 (Micropalpus). v. Réder, Dipt. ges. 5. A. Al. Sttibel, 10 (sep.)—Ecuador (Mcq., v. Rod.); Peru (Mcq.).°

picta Sch., Novara, 335.—So. Amer.

pictipennis Mcq., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colombia.

Note.—Is this described ?

pulverulenta Sch., Novara, 335.—So. Amer.

rubripes Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Colombia. Note.—Is this described ?

- rufa Sch., Novara, 335.—So. Amer.

rufipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 172, pl. 15, f. 11 (Hystricia). v.d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 27.—Brazil (Mcq.).

rufiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 151, pl. 13, f. 3 (Mcropalpus).—Colombia.

Note.—This is probably a Saundersia, as the eyes are bare and the third antennal joint short.

semiatrata Sch., Novara, 334.—So. Amer.

tarsalis Sch., Novara, 334.—So. Amer.

varia Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 268 (Tachina). v.Réd., Dipt. ges. 8. A. Al. Sttibel, 10 (sep.).—Colombia (W1k.); Ecuador (v. Roéd.).

Gen. HPALPUS. Rdi., Esap. ditt. (sep.) 6. Annali di Bologna (1850).

erythrostoma Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 95.—Chili.

lineolatus Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 94.—Chili.

ochricornis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 95.—Chili.

rostratus, Rdi., Dipt. Am. merid. Strobel (Ann. Soc. Nat. Mod., iii) 2. (sep.) pl. 4, ff. 1, 2.—Mendoza.

rubripilus Rdi., Hsapodi Ditteri, 7, No. 4 (sep.).—Venezuela.

8 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

rufipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 152, pl. 13, f. 5 (Micropalpus). Sch., Novara, 334 (Saundersia). Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 64.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Colom- bia (B. B., Mcq.).

Gen. JURINIA. Rob., Desv. Myod. 34. (1830).

amethystina Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 42, pl. 3, f. 7. Sup. i, 147.—Colombia ; Venezuela; Minas Geraes, Brazil; Georgia.

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 39, pl. 3, f. 8.—Brazil ; Mexico.

aurifacies R. Desv., Myod. 38.—Brazil. |

bicolor W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 282 ( Tachina). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 39, pl. 3. f. 7.— Brazil (Wd., R. D., Meq.); ? Montevideo (Big.).

Syn. Jurinia fuliginipennis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 79. ?J. brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 35. Echinomyia fuliginipennis Meq., Hist. Nat. ii, 77.

chrysiceps R. D., Myod. 37.—Brazil.

flavifacies Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 171.—Brazil.

fulviventris R. D., Myod. 37.—Rio Grande, Brazil.

gagatea R. D., Myod. 36.—Brazil.

hyalipennis Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 80.—Brazil.

laticornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 146.—Colombia.

nigricalyptrata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 145, pl. 12, f. 6. Minas-Geraes, Brazil.

nigriventris v. d. Wulp., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 81. Amerik. Dipt. ii, 17.— Chili; Argentine Rep.

notata W1lk., Dipt. Saund. 267 ( Tachina). v.Réder., Dipt. gesamm. 5S. A. Al. Stiibel, 10 (sep.).—Colombia (Wlk.); Ecuador (v. Rod.).

obesa Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 282 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 64, f. 234.—Brazil (Wad.).

plagiata Sch., Novara, 332 (Hystricia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—So. Amer. (Sch.).

rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 40.—Guiana.

rufiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 41, pl. 3, f. 9. Sup. i, 147.—Bogota.

scutellaris R. D., Myod. 36.—Guaratuba, Brazil.

scutellata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 41.—Chili; Bogota.

smaragdina Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 39, pl. 3, f. 6.—? Brazil.

surinamensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 40, pl. 4, f. 1.—Surinam.

testacea R. D., Myod. 38.—Rio Gide Brazil.

translucens Med , Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 145, pl. 12, f. 7.—Minas-Geraes, Brazil.

Gen. FABRICIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 42. (1830).

andicola Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 86.—Chili. daemon Sch., (non Wd.) Novara, 331. B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 104.—Brazil (Sch.). Note.—Schiner wrongly identified his species with Wiedemann’s, accord- ing to B. B. leucophrys W4d., pt. Aus. Zw. ii, 308 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 104.— Brazil (Wd.).

South American Species of Calypirate Muscide. 9

Gen. BLEPHARIPEZA. Macq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 54. (1843).

albifacies Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 92.—Brazil. andina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 90.—Chili. aurocaudata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 90.—Montevideo. bicolor Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 158, pl. 20, f.7. Sch., Nov. 336.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Galveston, Texas (Mcq.). breviventris Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 297 (Tachina). Wh1k., List, 712 (do.). B.B., Muse. Sch. ii, 98.—Brazil (Wd.); Jamaica (WIk.). cyaneiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 157, pl. 13, f. 11.—Minas-Geraes, Brazil. leucophrys Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 308 (Tachina). v.d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 30, pl. 2, ff. 9, 9a (Belvosia). Sch., Novara, 336. Br. Bgst., Mus. Sch. i, 28, f. 53. Willist., Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xiii, 304.—Brazil (Wd., Sch., v.d. W.); Colombia (Sch., v.d. W.); Rio Napo (Rdi.); Argentine Rep. ; Costa Rica (v.d. W.); San Domingo (Willist.); Guiana; Mexico (M¢eq.); Cuba (Big.); N. Amer. Syn. Blepharipeza rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 55, pl.6,f.1. Sup. i, 158. Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aq. Ose. 8 (sep.). Big. Sagra, 815. Syn. Belvosia rufipalpis v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 25, pl. 1, f. 15.

Gen. BELVOSIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 103. (1830).

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 160, pl. 14, f. 4.—? Brazil. bifasciata Fab., Syst. Ent. 777. Ent. Syst. iv, 325. Mant. Ins. ii, 345. Syst. Ant. 299 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 305 ( Tachina). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 104 (Nemorea). Big. Sagra. 813 (do.) Latr. Dict. d’Hist. Nat. xxiv, 195 (Ocyptera). R. Desv., Myod. 104 (ZLatreillia). B. B., Muse. Sch. i, 29, Oss silj.vo (do.). Mcg., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 57, pl. 6, f..2. ‘Sup. iti, 45. v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 23, pl. 1, ff. 13,14. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 30, pl. 2, ff. 8, 8a.—So. Amer. (Wd. Big.); Is. Am. (Fab.); Brazil (Mcq., R. D., v. d. W.); Colombia; Guatemala (v. d. W.); Cuba (Big.); No. Amer. leucopyga v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 84. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 27.—Brazil.

Gen. WILLISTONIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 29. (1889).

bicincta R. Desv., Myod. 103 (Belvosia). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 112 (Senometopia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 56,57. Sup. ii, 66 (Belvosia). Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. ii, 99.—Brazil (Meq.); Antilles; Carolina (R. D.); N. Am.

copulata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 295 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 99.—Brazil (Wad.). ,

esuriens Fab., Syst. Ant. 301 (Zachina). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 309 (do.). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 57 (Belvosia). B. B., Musc. Sch. i, 29.—So. Amer. (Fab.); Brazil (Wd.).

10 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

potens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 312 (Tachina). Big. Sagra, 810 (do.). Meq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 58 (Eurygaster). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 99.—Rio Janeiro (Wd.); Cuba (Big.).

weyenberghiana v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 26, pl. 1, ff. 16, 17, 18 ( Belvosia). B. B., Muse. Sch. ii, 99.—Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.); Brazil (B. B.).

Gen. CHZSTOPROCTA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 37. (1891).

tarsalis Sch., Novara, 336 (Blepharipeza). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 38.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Venezuela (B. B.).

Gen. ATACTA. Schin., Novara, Dipt. 328. (1868).

brasiliensis Sch., Novara, 328. B.B., Musc. Sch. i, 28, f. 57.—Brazil (Sch.).

Gen. BLEPHAROPODA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 28. (1889).

pilitarsis Rdi., Dipt. Am. ANq. Oscul. 9 (sep.).—Rio Napo.

Gen. THYSANOMYIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. ii, 36. (1891).

fimbriata v.d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 97 (Brachycoma). B. B., Musc. Sch. ii, 36.—So. Amer. (B. B.); Mexico (v. d. W.).

Gen. CTENOPHOROCERA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. ii, 38. (1891).

biserialis Sch., Novara, 326 (Phorocera). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 38.—Brazil (Sch.). ? blepharipus B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 38.—Cape of Good Hope, or Brazil.

Gen. ECHINOMYIA. Duméril, Expos. méth. nat. cl. ins. (1798).

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 144, pl. 12, f. 3.—Colombia.

brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 33 (Dejeania). Mceq., Hist. Nat. ii, 77.—Brazil (R. D., Mcq.).

filipalpis Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 15 (sep).—Chili.

furiosa W1k., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. ser. iv, 194.—Rio Grande.

‘ignobilis Rdi., Dipt. Ex. 15 (sep.).—Chili.

nigripennis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 286 (Tachina). Megq., Hist. Nat. ii, 75.—Brazil (Wd., Mcq.)

pilifrons Sch., Novara, 331.—Chili.

piliventris v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 22. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 34, pl. 2, f. 13a.—Argentine Rep.; Mexico.

pumila Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 170, pl. 15, f. 9.—Minas Geraes, Brazil.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. — 11

pygmea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 170, pl. 15, f. 10.—Chili.

rubida R. Desv., Myod. 39 (Dumerillia). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 79.—Brazil (R. D., Mcq.).

vittata v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 21.—Argentine Rep.

Gen. PELETERIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 39. (1830).

lalandii R. D., Myod. 40.—Brazil. leschenaldi R. D., Myod. 40.—Surinam. robusta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 290 (Tachina). v.d. Wulp., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 19. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 32, pl. 2, f. 10a (Echinomyia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 104.—Montevideo (Wd.); Argentine Rep.; Chili; Colombia; Mexico; Costa Rica (v. d. W.); No. Amer. Syn. Echin. analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 144, pl. 12, f. 3. E. filipalpis Rdi., Arch. Zool. iii (sep.), p. 15. E. hemorrhoa, v. d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. x, 145, pl. 4, ff. 13, 14, 15, 16. Willist., Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xiii, 301.

Gen. TACHINODES. Br. Bgst., Musc. Schiz. i, 65. (1889).

analis Fab., Syst. Ant. 311 (Tachina). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 288 (do.). Sch., Novara, 331 (Echinomyia). Rdi., Esame ditt. Brasil. 1848 (sep.) 15 (do.). v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 33, pl. 2, f. 12a (do.). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Am. (Fab., Sch.); Mexico; Nicaragua; Costa Rica (v. d. W.).

demon W4d.,, Aus. Zw. ii, 292 (Tachina). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Brazil (Wd.).

diaphana Fab., Syst. Ant. 308 (Tachina). ? Mant. Ins. ii, 349 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 281 (Tachina). Rdi., Esame ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 15. (Hehi- nomyia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd.); Brazil (Rdi.).

hystrix Fab., Syst. Ent. 777. Ent. Syst. iv, 325 (Musca). Syst. Ant. 310 (Tuchina). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 283 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 65.—Brazil (B. B.).

immaculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 169, pl. 15, f. 8 (Echinomyia). v.d. W.,

Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 83. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 19 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Minas Geraes, Brazil (Mcq.); Arizona (v. d. W.) robusta Sch., litt. B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Brazil. Note.—Is this described ? seminigra Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 296 (Tachina). Sch., Novara, 331 (Hchinomyia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Brazil (Wd.); Chili; Colombia (Sch.).

Gen. TALAROCERA. Williston, Ent. Amer. iii, 152. (1887).

smithii Will., Ent. Amer. iii, 153. 3B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 79.—Chapada, Brazil (Will.).

12 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. ARCH YTAS. Jennicke, Neue Exot. Dipt. 392. (1867).

bicolor Jen., Neue Exot. Dipt. 392, pl. 44, f. 8.— Venezuela.

Gen. CUPHOCERA. Macq., An. soc. ent. Fr. ser. 2, ili, 267. (1845). callipiga Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1857. Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 16.—Chili

(Big.); Valdivia (Rdi.). decorata Rdi., Dipt. Am. ANg. Oscul. (sep.) 7.—Rio Napo. pruinosa Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 16.—Chili. »

Gen. BLACHIPALPUS. Rdi., Esap. ditt. (sep.) 7. Annalidi Bologna. (1850).

macrocera Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 290 (Zachina). Sch., Novara, 330 (Cuphocera). v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 22 (do.). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd., Sch.); Bahia (v. d. W.).

nitens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 294 ( Zachina). Sch., Nov. 330 (Cuphocera). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Am. (Sch.); Venezuela (B. B.).

Gen. CHAITOPROSOPA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 196. (1850).

cyanea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 196, pl. 17, f. 17.—Minas Geraes, Brazil.

Gen. SISYROPA. Br. Bgst., Musc. Schiz. i, 95. (1889).

leptotrichopa B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 43.—Brazil. ?Syn. Hemimasicera quadra Wd. prosopina B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 43.—Brazil. rufiventris B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 42.—Brazil. vorax Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 315 (Zachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 43.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. BOLOMYIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 43. (1891).

violacea v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 53 (Mystacella). 3B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 44.—Brazil (B. B.); Mexico; Yucatan; Guatemala (v. d. W.).

Gen. CHAITOLYGA. Rdi., Pr. Dipt. Ital. i. (1856).

pyrrhopyga W4., Zool. Mag. iii, 53. Aus. Zw. ii, 319 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 98.—Bahia, Brazil (Wd.).

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide, 13

Gen. GONIA. Meigen, Illig. Mag. ii, 280. (1803).

crassicornis Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, 328. Syst. Ant. 301 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 345.—So. Amer. (Wd.); Is. Am. (Fab.).

erythrocera Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 86.—Chili.

genei Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 14.— Venezuela.

Syn. Gonia capitata Rdi., Ann. Bolog. 1850.

incerta Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 179.—Corrientes, Brazil.

lineata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 178.—Patagonia.

pallens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 346. Mcqg., Dipt. Ex.ii, 3, 50. &ch., Novara, 329. Lynch-Arribalz. An. Soc. Cien. Arg. 1880. v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 23. Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 39.—Brazil (Wd., Meq.); Chili (Mcq., Sch., Blanch.); Patagonia; Argentine Rep.; Mexico; Jamaica (v.d. W.); Cuba (Mcq.).

Var. G. chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,50, pl. 5, f. 4. Big. Sagra, 809. Blanch. in Gay. Hist. Chili, vii, 422. 3

Syn. G. angusta Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 56, pl. 5, f. 5.

G. lineata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 178. trifaria Zeller, Rdi. Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 9.—Venezuela (Rdi.).

Syn. G. capitata Meig., Rdi. 1. c.

Note.—This synonymy is on authority of Rdi.l.c. Is Gonia capitata Degeer meant? According to Schiner (Catalogus Dipterorum Europe, 98) G. capitata Mg. is a synonym of G. trifaria Zllr. It is a question whether the species referred to is found in So. America.

virescens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 50.—Brazil or Chili.

Gen. SPALLANZANIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 78. (1830).

americana Sch., Novara, 327 (Cnephalia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 100.—Chili (Sch.).

Gen. GONYSTYLUM. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 180. (1850).

ruficorne Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 180, pl. 16, f. 2.—Corrientes, Brazil.

Gen. DEMOTICUS. Mcq., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. ser. 3, ii, 443. (1854).

ratzeburgii Jen., Neue Exot. Dipt. 386.—Chili. Gen. CHAITODEMOTICUS.

Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 81. (1891). chilensis Sch., Novara, 324 (Demoticus). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 81.—Chili (Sch.).

14 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. ARTHROCH ATA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 66. (1889).

demoticoides B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 66, 101.—Colombia ; Venezuela.

Gen. RHAMPHININA. Bigot, Bull. soc. ent. Fr. 1885, 14 janv. (1885).

argentina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 265.—Buenos Ayres.

Gen. TACHINA. Meigen, Illiger’s Magazine, ii, 280. (1803).

zquabilis Wlk., List, 704.—Venezuela. albimacula Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 328.—So. Amer. alligans W1k., List, 713.—Venezuela. alterna W1lk., List, 701.—Venezuela. anthemon WIk., List, 733.—Brazil. anthracina Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 324.—Brazil. apicalis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 275.—Colombia. atrata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 284.—Brazil. atratula Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 304.—Brazil. ; atrifrons Wd., Anal. Ent. 46 (Melanophora). Aus. Zw. ii, 338.—So. America. aurifera Wlk., List, 702.—Venezuela. basalis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 285.—So. Amer. caliginosa W1k., Dipt. Saund. 268.—Brazil. chrysophora Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 316.—Brazil. chrysotelus WI1k., Dipt. Saund. 296.—Brazil. cincta WIk., Dipt. Saund. 303.—Brazil. cingulata Fab., Syst. Ant. 301. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 323.—So. Amer. (Wd.); Is. So. Amer. (Fab.).

compacta WIk., Dipt. Saund. 294.—Brazil. constans WIk., List, 705.—Venezuela. contermina WI1k., Dipt. Saund. 285.—So. Amer. diversa WI1k., List, 703.—Venezuela. divisa Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 270.—Para, Brazil. infirma WI1k., List, 719.—Chili. latifrons Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 284.—So. Amer. melaleuca Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 320.—Brazil. melanax WIk., List, 700.—Venezuela. melanoppyga W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 292.—Surinam. mutata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 338.—So. Amer. (Wd., Fab.).

Syn. Ocyptera diaphanu Fab., Syst. Ant. 314. nigrifera Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 303.—Brazil. nigrorufa Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 284.—Colombia. picea Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 293.—Colombia. pilosa Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 266.—So. America.

?Syn. Musca pilosa Drury.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 15

pinguis Fab., Syst. Ant. 302 (Musca). ?Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 342.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd. ?). :

planiventris Mcq., Dipt. Exot. Sup. iv, 205, pl. 18, f. 13.—So. Amer.

proxima WI1k., Dipt. Saund. 287.—Para.

ruficornis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 304.—So. America.

scita Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 302.—Brazil.

similis W1k., Dipt. Saund. 269.—So. America.

singularis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 335.—Brazil.

socia WIk., Dipt. Saund. 286.—Brazil.

sordida WIk., Dipt. Saund. 297.—So. Amer.

spinipennis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 303.—Brazil.

squamata WIk., Dipt. Saund. 279.—Colombia.

subpicea W1k., Dipt. Saund. 297.—Brazil.

tenebrifera W1k., Dipt. Saund. 302.—Brazil.

tincta Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 287.—Brazil.

transiens WIk., List, 706.—Quito.

transversa WI1k., Dipt. Saund. 274.—Brazil.

trianguli Wlk., List, 706.—Venezuela.

tricincta Fab., Syst. Ant. 301. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 327.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd.).

triformis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 267.—Colombia.

umbrifera Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 294.—Brazil.

usta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 313.—Brazil.

vittata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 273.—Colombia.

vittata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 301.—So. Amer.

Note.—It is useless to change the specific name until it becomes evident that this and the preceding belong in the same genus, which is improb- able.

vulgata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 300.—So. Amer.

Gen. HYPOTACHINA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 47. (1891). disparata B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 47.—Brazil.

Gen. TRICHOLYGA. Rdi., Pr. Dipt. Ital. i. (1856).

vivida W4., Aus. Zw. ii, 312 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 99.—Brazil (Wd.),

Gen. GYMNOMMA. v. d. Wulp., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 38. (1888).

nitidiventris v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 38, pl. 5, ff. 17, 17a.—Mexico (v. d. W.); Brazil (B. B.). Gen. TRICHOPHORA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. ii, 62. (1847).

? albocalyptrata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 82.—Quito. analis Sch., Novara, 330. B. B., Mus. Sch. 66; f. 246.—So. Amer.

16 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

mitis Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Colombia. Note.—Is this species described ? nigra Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. ii, 63, pl. 3, f. 7.—Brazil.

Gen. PARAGYMNOMMA. | Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 80. (1891).

diaphana B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 80.—Brazil. hystrix B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 80.—Brazil.

Gen. TRIXA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. iv, 222. (1824).

ii, 98.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd., Mcq.). uncana Fab., Syst. Ant. 330 (Dictya). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 277. Mcq., Hist. Nat.

Gen. MILTOGRAMMA. Meigen, Illig. Mag. ii, 280. (1803).

unicolor Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 166, pl. 20, f. 9.—Brazil.

Gen. BOLBOCH ATA. Bigot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 25 fév. (1885).

haustellata Big., Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 25 fév.—Buenos Ayres.

Gen. TRICHODISCHIA. Bigot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 25 fév. (1885).

cerulea Big., Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 25 fév.— Buenos Ayres. soror Big., 1. c.—Buenos Ayres.

Gen. MASICERA. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 118. (1835).

arcuatipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 101.—Quito; Peru.

auriceps Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 59:—Brazil or Chili.

inclinans W1k., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 199.—So. America.

insignis v. d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv. 85. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 29.—Chili. longiuscula Wlk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 198.—So. Amer. nigricalyptrata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v. 100.—Amazon.

tenuiseta Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 164, pl. 15, f. 4.—Venezuela.

Gen. CRYPTOMEIGENIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 7. (1891).

setifacies B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 7.—Brazil.

Gen. PSEUDOVIVIANA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 7. (1891).

platypoda B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 7.—Venezuela.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 17

Gen. MASIPHYA.. Br. Bgst., Musc. Schiz. ii, 9. (1891). brasiliana B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 9.—Ypanema, Brazil.

Gen. ALSOPSYCHE. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 9. (1891).

nemoralis B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 9.—Venezuela.

Gen. PROSOPOCH TA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 210. (1850).

nitidiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 211, pl. 19, f. 5.—Chili.

Gen. CHRYSOTACHINA. Br., Bgst. Muse. Schiz. i, 93. (1889).

reinwardtii Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 315 (Tachina). v.d.Wulp, Biol. C.-A. Dipt.

ii, 40 (Gymnocheta). B.B., Mus. Sch. i, 93; ii, 14.—Brazil (Wd.); Guatemala (v. d. W.).

Gen. EXOPALPUS. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 176. (1850).

bicolor Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 177, pl. 16, f. 1.—Colombia.

Gen. SELENOMYIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 57. (1891).

brevicornis Phil., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 57.—Chili (B. B.).

Gen. NEMOR ZA. Rob., Desv. Myod. 71. (1830).

brasiliensis Sch., Novara, 329.—Brazil. ? ciligera R. Desv., Myod. 173 ( Winthemia) .—Brazil. Note.—This may perhaps be an Exorista. erythropyga v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 83. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 28.—Chili. pictipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 183, pl. 16, f. 7.—Colombia.

Gen. MYIOPHASIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 58. (1891).

zenea Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 298 (Zachina). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 58.—Montevideo (Wd.); Georgia (B. B.).

Gen. MASIPODA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 94. (1889).

geminata B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 94; ii, 37.—Orizaba, Mexico; Brazil. xanthocera W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 329 (Tachina). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 98.—Brazil.

Awnnats N. Y. Acap. Sct., VII, Dec. 1892.—2

18 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. APORIA. Mceq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 168. (1846). caudata Sch., Novara, 320.—So. America. nitens Sch., Nov. 320.—So. Amer. quadrimaculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 169, pl. 15, f. 7. Sch. Nov. 319. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 62, f. 222.—Colombia (Sch., Mcq.).

Gen. MICROTRICHODES. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 160. (1846).

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 161, pl. 14, f. 5.—Minas Geraes, Brazil.

Gen. LEPTOSTYLUM. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 207. (1850).

pulchellum Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 208, pl. 19, f. 2.—Bahia.

Gen. BEXORISTA.

Meigen, Illig. Mag. ii, 280. (1803). brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 116 ( Olinda).—Brazil. flaviventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 61 (Lydella).—Guiana. longa Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aq. Oscul. (sep.) 10.—Rio Napo. niveifacies Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 189, pl. 17, f. 7.—Bahia. rubescens R. D., Myod. 117 ( Platymya).—Guaratuba, Brazil. rufata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 257.—Para, Brazil; Mexico. ruficornis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 520.—Rio Janeiro. rufilatera Rdi., Esap. ditt. (sep.) 9.— Venezuela.

Gen. PAREXORISTA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 19. (1889).

inculta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 330 ( Zachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 19.—Brazil (Wd.). optica Sch., Novara, 327 (£rorista). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 19.—Brazil (Sch.).

Gen. HEMIMASICERA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz.i, 19. (1889).

? quadra Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 328 (Tachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 96.—Brazil (Wad.).

Gen. ACH AITONBEURA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 30. (1891).

lata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 322 (Zachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 30.—Montevideo (Wd.).

Gen. PARALISPE. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 33. (1891).

brasiliana B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 33.—Brazil.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 19

Gen. PHOROCERA. Rob., Desv. Myod. 131. (1830).

ciliata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iii, 49, pl. 5, f. 9.—Colombia. cirrata R. D., Myod. 138.—Brazil. elongata R. D., Myod. 139 (Medina).—Guaratuba, Brazil. elongata Rdi., Esame ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 15.—Brazil (Rdi.); ? Cayenne (Mcq.). ’Syn. Phorocera tenutseta Mcq. Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 166, pl. 14, f. 6. Note.—If the latter is the same species, Macquart’s name should hold ; but if not, some other name must be substituted for Rondani’s, which is preoccupied.

Gen. PARADORIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 35. (1891).

nigra B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 35.—Venezuela.

Gen. NEOMINTHO. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 35. (1891).

heros Sch., Novara, 325 (Phorocera). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 35.—Rio Janeiro (Sch.).

macilenta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 305 ( Tachina). Sch. Nov. 326 (Phorocera). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 35.—Brazil (Wd., Sch.).

Gen. FRONTINA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. vii, 247. (1838).

aurulenta Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 84.—Brazil.

Gen. DEGEERIA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. vii, 249. (1838).

antarctica Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 527.—Patagonia. brunisquamis R. D., Myod. 157 (Elophoria).—Brazil.

Gen. GNADOCH ATA. Mcq., Dipt. Exot. Sup. iv, 227. (1850).

<

ccerulea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 228, pl. 21, f. 7.—Minas Geraes, Brazil.

Gen. GYMNOSTYLIA. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 216. (1835).

analis R. D., Myod. 322 ( Macromya).—Brazil. analis Mcq., Dipt. Exot. ii, 3, 88.—Guiana. Note.—This name is preoccupied by R. Desv. It may be changed to G. guianensis. brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 324 (Harrisia).—Guaratuba, Brazil. cilipes R. D., Myod. 325 (Leschenaultia). Meq. Hist. Nat. ii, 217. Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 89.—Surinam (Mcq., R. D.).

20 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

cingulata Sch., Novara, 327 (Meigenia). 3B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 101.—Brazil (Sch.).

depressa R. D., Myod. 322 (Macromya). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 217.—Brazil (R. D., Mcq.). ae

famelica Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 331 (Zachina). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 101—Brazil (Wd.).

fasciata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iii, 52, pl. 6, f. 3.—Brazil.

ornata Sch. litt. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 60, f. 212; ii, 70.—Colombia; Venezuela (BeBe): ;

scutellaris R. D., Myod. 324 (Harrisia). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 217.—Brazil (R. D., Meq.).

Gen. PHASIOPTERYX. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 79. (1889).

depleta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 298 (Yachina). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 79.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. MYIOMINTHO. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 70. (1889).

elata B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 70.—Venezuela.

v

Gen. PSEUDOREDTENBACHERIA, Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 70. (1889).

brasiliensis Sch., Novara, 323 (Redtenbacheria). B. B., Muse. Schiz. i, 70.— Brazil (Sch.).

Gen. MYOBIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 99. (1830).

aurifrons Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 169, pl. 15, f. 8.—Venezuela.

brachyptera Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 527.—Rio Janeiro.

dasycnemis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 525.—Galapagos.

diadema Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 382 (Dexia). v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 137, pl. 4, f. 2.—Brazil (Wd.); Mexico; Yucatan; Costa Rica (v. d. W.); US. rotitale

flavipennis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 380 (Dezia). v. da. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 138. —Brazil (Wd.); Mexico (v. d. W.).

longicornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 65, pl. 7, f. 3.—Brazil, or Chili.

Gen. GENEA. Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 10. (1850).

maculiventris Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 11.—Venezuela.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 21

Gen. TELOTHYRIA. v. d. Wulp., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 167. (1890).

brevipennis Sch., Novara, 324 (Miltogramma). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 74.— Brazil (Sch.).

Gen. RHINOMACQUARTIA. Br. Bgst., Musc. Sch. ii, 76. (1891).

chztophora (Sch.) B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 77.—Brazil (B. B.).

Gen. ARGYROMIMA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 72. (1889).

mirabilis B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 72, 102, f. 277.—So. America.

Gen. BESKIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 71. (1889).

-cornuta B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 71, 102, f. 276.—Brazil.

Gen. HY ADESIMYIA. . Bigot, Mission Scien. du Cap Horn, Dipt. 26. (1888).

clausa Bigot, Miss. Cap Horn, Dipt. 27, pl. 3, f. 7.—Cape Horn. sarcophagidea Big., Miss. Cap Horn, Dipt. 28, pl. 3, f. 8.—Cape Horn.

Gen. EHUCESTROPHASIA. Towns., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xix. 133. (1892).

aperta B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 78 (Oestrophasia). Towns., Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. xix. 133.—So. Amer. (B. B.).

Gen. TRICHOPROSOPUS. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 70. (1843).

durvillei Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 71, pl. 8, f. 2.—Conception, Chili. Fam. DEXIIDAE. Gen. ACTINOCH ATA.

Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 69. (1889). columbiz B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 69, 102.—Colombia; Venezuela (B. B.).

22 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. VUROMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 215. (1830).

caudata Sch., B. B. Muse. Sch. ii, 139.—So. Amer. Mute“ Wesenibed? B. B. indicate this species with a query as equal to U. producta R. D. nitens Sch., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 139.—So. Amer. Note.—Described? B. B. indicate it with a query as equal to U. producta R. D. producta R. D., Myod. 216 (U.). Meq., Hist. Nat. ii, 168 (Sericocera). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 62. v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 251, pl. 6, ff. 6, 6a.—Brazil (R. D., Mcq.); Centr. Am. (B. B.); Mexico (v. d. W.).

Gen. DASYUROMYIA. - Bigot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 11 Mars. (1885).

penicillata Big., Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 11 Mars.—Chili.

Gen. DEXIOSOMA. Rdi., Dipt. Ital. Prod. i. (1856).

nigrum Mcq., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 112.—Brazil. Note.—Is this species described ? pyrrhoprocta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 381 (Dezia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 112.— Brazil.

Gen. EBENIA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 171. (1846).

claripennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 171, pl. 16, f. 2.—Brazil.

Gen. CHAITONA. v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 253. (1891).

icterica Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 321 (Tachina). B. B., Muse. Sch. ii, 74.—Brazil (Wad.).

Note.—Br. and Bgst. refer Dexia icterica Wd. to Chetona (see Mus. Sch. ii, 74). There is no Dezia icterica Wd., that I know of. I therefore take it that the authors mean Tachina icterica Wd.

longiseta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 381 (Dexia). v.d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 253,

pl. 6, ff. 8, 8a. B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 74.—Brazil (Wd.); Costa Rica (v. d. W.).

Gen. BUANTHA. v. d. Wulp, Tijds. v. Ent. xxviii. 198. (1885).

aucta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 377 (Dexia). v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 248. B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 101.—Brazil. dives Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 377 (Dexia). B. B., Muse. Sch. ii, 101.—Kentucky (Wd.); So. Amer. (B. B.). Note.—The locality So. Amer., given by B. B., may be a typographical error.

es

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide, 23

Gen. DEXIA. Meigen, Syst. Beschr. v, 33. (1826).

? albicans WI1k., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 204.—Valley of the Amazon.

angusta WIk., Dipt. Saund. 314.—Brazil.

basalis W1k., Dipt. Saund. 311.—So. Amer.

convexa W1lk., Dipt. Saund. 312.—Brazil.

dorsalis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 308.—So. Amer.

extrema W1lk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 203.—Valley of the Amazon.

gortys WIk., List, 839.—Brazil.

insolita Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 318.—Brazil.

limbata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 371.—Brazil.

longa WIlk., Dipt. Saund. 311.—So. Amer.

muscaria W1k., Dipt. Saund. 308.—Brazil.

obscura WIk., Dipt. Saund. 307.—Brazil.

parvicornis v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 33, pl. 2, ff. 7, 8.— Argentine Rep.

pica Fab., Syst. Ant. 293 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 371.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wad.). .

plana Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 315.—Brazil. |

-quadrimaculata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 319.—Brazil.

randa WIk., List, 852.—Brazil.

semipicta Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 316.—Amazon River.

sermyla Wlk., List, 850.—Brazil.

tenuicornis v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 32, pl. 2, ff. 5, 6.—Argentine Rep.

Gen. PTILODEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 51. (1889).

rubriventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 188, pl. 20, f. 10 (Dexia). 3B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 51 (Clinoneura). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 1138.—Venezuela (B. B.); Merida, Yucatan (Mcq.).

Gen. SARDIOCERA., Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 51. (1889).

rutilans Fab., Sp. Ins. ii, 436. Mant. Ins. ii, 342. Ent. Syst. iv, 314. Syst. Ant. 287 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 392 (do.). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 113.—So. Amer. (Wd.); Is. Am. (Fab.). Gen. TRICHODURA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 91. (1848).

anceps Fab., Syst. Ant. 296 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 372 (Dexia). Mcq., ‘Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 91, pl. 11, f. 1. v.d. W., Tijds. voor. Ent. xxviii, 194, pl. 6, ff. 5, 6, 7,8. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 52.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd., Mcq.); Brazil (B. B.); Surinam (v. d. W.). recta Sch., Novara, 320.—So. Amer. vidua Sch., Novara, 321.—Brazil.

24 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. HYSTRICHODEXIA. v. Roder, Dipt. Ges. S. A. Al. Sttibel. (sep.) 12. (1886).

armata v. Réd., Dipt. Ges. S. A. 12 (sep.), pl., ff. 3, 3a, 3b.—Ecuador.

Gen. BUDEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 52. (1889).

goliath Br. Best., Muse. Sch. i, 52, 99.—So. Amer.; Venezuela. nemorina Sch. litt. B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 113.—Brazil. Note.—Is this species described ?

Gen. MELANOPHORA. Meig., Illig. Mag. ii, 279. (1803).

americana Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 72, pl. 8, f. 4.—Brazil, or Chili.

Gen. PROSENA. St. Farg. and Serv., Encycl. Méth. x, 500. (1825).

brevicornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 230.—Bahia.

longipalpis v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 30, pl. 2, ff. 1, 2.—Argentine Rep. longitarsis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 92, pl. 11, f. 2.—Bogota.

sarcophagina v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 31, pl. 2, ff. 3, 4.— Argentine Rep.

Gen. MYIOMIMA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 51. (1889).

braziliana B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 60.—Brazil. crassa Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 387 (Ausca). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 139.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. PROSENOIDES. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 66. (1891).

papilio Sch. litt. (Prosena) B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 66.—Brazil (B. B.).

Gen. SCOTIPTERA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 83. (1843).

filipes R. D., Myod. 318 (Sophia).—Brazil.

gagatea R. D., Myod. 318 (Sophia).—Brazil.

melaleuca Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 369 (Dexia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 83, pl. 9, f. 1. Perty, Delect. An. Brasil. 186, pl. 37, f. 7. v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 224, pl. 5, ff.5,5a. B.B., Mus. Sch. i, 58, f. 204.—Rio Janeiro (Wd.); Sebastianopolis (Pty.); Brazil (Mcq.); Panama; Guatemala (v.d. W.).

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 25

punctata R. D., Myod. 318 (Sophia). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 215.—Brazil (R. D., Mcq.).

Note.—Mcq. (Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 83) says this is perhaps the same species as

Scotiptera (Dexia) melaleuca Wad., and S. vittata Guérin. Mr. v.d. Wulp

(Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 224) gives it as a synonym of S. melaleuca, with a

query.

Gen. MEGISTOGASTER. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 211. (1850).

analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 214.—Amazon.

Gen, CORDYLIGASTER. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 90. (1843).

petiolatus Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 374 (Dezia). Wik., List, 851 (do.). Meq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 90, pl. 10, f. 6. Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brazil. (sep.) 16. Sch., Novara, 322. v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxviii, 192, pl. 6, ff. 1, 2, 3, 4. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 61.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Brazil (Wd., Wlk., Mcq., Rdi.); ?Java (Mcq.).

tipuliformis Wlk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 205.—So. Amer.

Gen. PACH YGRAPHIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 75. (1891).

fervens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 383 (Dexia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 75.—So. Amer. (Wd.); Brazil (B. B.). . virgata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 382 (Dezia). B. B., Muse. Sch. ii, 75.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. LEPIDODEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 75. (1891).

tetraptera (Sch.) B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 75.—Venezuela.

Gen. XANTHODEXIA. v. d. Wulp, Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 256. (1891).

sericea Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 316 (Tachina). v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 256, pl. 6, ff. 11, lla, 11b. B.3B., Mus. Sch. ii, 73.—Brazil (Wd.); Mexico (v. d. W.).

Gen. CALODEXIA. v.d. Wulp, Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 257. (1891).

flavipes Sch., Novara, 326 (Meigenia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 72.—Brazil (Sch.).

26 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. MINTHODEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 72. (1891).

flavicornis B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 72.—Venezuela. gravipes B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 72.—Venezuela.

Gen. PSEUDODEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. ii, 74. (1891).

eques Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 378 (Dezia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 74.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. LEPTODA. v. d. Wulp, Tijds. v. Ent. xxviii, 196. (1885).

bicolor Fab., Syst. Ant. 291 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 392 (do.). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd.).

filipes Wlk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 202 (Dezia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Valley of the Amazon.

longipes Fab., Syst. Ant. 298. Mant. Ins. ii, 348 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 379 (Dexia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd.); Cayenne (Fab., Mant. Ins.).

pellucida R. D., Myod. 318 (Sophia). Meq., Hist. Nat. ii, 215 (Scotiptera).

B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (R. D., Meq.).

phzoptera Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 370 (Dexia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd.).

plumosa W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 370 (Dexia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iii, 53 (do.). Big., Sagra, 815 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd.); Rio Negro (Mcq.): Cuba (Big.).

potens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 368 (Dexia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. GONATORRHINA. v. Réder, Dipt. Ges. S. A. Al. Stiibel (sep.) 10. (1886).

paramonensis v. Rod. Dipt. (res. 8. A. (sep.) 10, pl., ff. 2, 2a, 2b.—Paramo, |

Colombia.

Gen. STOMATODEXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 57. (1889).

bibens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 249 (Stomorys). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 105.—Brazil (Wd.). cothurnata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 249 (Stomoxys). v.d.W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii,

239. B.B., Mus. Sch. i, 57, f. 195.—Brazil (Wd.); Mexico (Big., v. d.

W.). : Syn. Prosena maculifera Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1888, 264. famelica Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 250 (Stomorys). 3B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Brazil (Wd.).

ax

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 27

Gen. SPATHIPALPUS. Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 20. (1863). flavifrons Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 21.—Valdivia. longipalpis v. d. W., Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 188 (Myodia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 102.—Bahia (B. B.); Mexico (v. d. W.). philippii Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 21. B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 69.—Valdivia (Rdi.); Bahia (B. B.).

Fam. SARCOPHAGIDAE.

Gen. TOXOTARSUS. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 238. (1850).

rufipalpis Meq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 238, pl. 22, f. 3.—Chili.

Gen. DIAUGIA. Perty, Delect. An. Brasil. 187. (1830-4).

angusta Perty, Delect. An. Bras. 187, pl. 37, f. 9. Mceq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 109.

—Minas (Pty.); Brazil (Mcq.). Note.—Mr. v. d. Wulp (Biol. C.-A. Dipt. ii, 250) expresses the opinion that

this genus may be closely allied to Leptoda. As Perty states, however,

that it is allied to Sarcophaga, I have included it in the Sarcophagide.

Gen. AGRIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 376. (1830).

fuscipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,109. Bigot, Mission du Cap Horn, Dipt. 26. —Brazil, or Chili (Mcq.); Chili (Big.).

Gen. CYNOMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 363. (1830).

auriceps WIk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 209.—Quito.

desvoidyi Jen., N. Ex. Dipt. 378.—Chili.

fuscipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 110.—Brazil, or Chili.

splendens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 231 (Phrissopoda). Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 96, pl. 11, f.3(do.). Blanch. in Gay, Hist. Chili, vii, 427, pl. 5, f. 3 (do.). v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 34 (do.). Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 87 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 110.—Cobija, Bolivia; Chili; Africa (Mcq.); Chili

(v.d. W., Blanch.).

Gen. ONESIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 365. (1830).

americana Sch., Novara, 311.—Chili. bivittata Jeen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 378.—Chili. muscaria Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 378.—Chili.

28 _ South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. TRIPANURGA. Sch. litt. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 63. (1891).

albicans Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 363 (Sarcophaga). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 63.—Brazil (Wd.).

bicolor (Sch.) B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 63.—Brazil. ’

dimidiata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 360 (Sarcophaga). B.B., Muse. Sch. ii, 63.— Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. TRICHARZA. Thoms., Dipt. Eugen. Resa, 541. (1868).

scatophagina Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 541.—Rio Janeiro.

Gen. SAROTHROMYIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 61. (1891).

femoralis Sch., Novara, 315 (Sarcophila). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 61.—Brazil . (Sch.).. on

Gen. SARCONESIA. Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 3 ser., v. (1857).

chlorogaster W4., Aus. Zw. ii, 359 (Sarcophaga). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 110 (Onesia). v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv. 87 (Sarcophaga). Amerik. Dipt. iii, 35 (do.). Bigot, An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 3 ser., v. 301, pl. 7, f. 5. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 54.—Montevideo; La Plata (Wd.); Chili; Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

Gen. SARCOPHAGA. Meig., Syst. Beschr. v, 14. (1826).

advena WIk., Dipt. Saund. 324.—Brazil.

amorosa Sch., Novara, 314.—Brazil.

aureiceps Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 108.—So. Amer.

aurifinis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 325.—Brazil.

aurifrons R. D., Myod. 383 (Gesneria).—Cayenne.

bifrons Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 327.—So. Amer.

brasiliensis R. D., Myod. 338 (Myophora).—Goyaz, Brazil.

? calida Wd., W1k. Dipt. Saund. 326.—Colombia.

cayennensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 105.—Cayenne.

chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 104, pl. 11,f.6. Blanch. in Gay, Hist. Chili, vii, 429. v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv. 88. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 36.— Chili (Mcq., Blanch., v. d. W.).

chrysella R. D., Myod. 339 (Myophora). Rdi., Dipt. Am. Mer. Str. (sep.) 3. —Brazil (R. D.); Bahia (Rdi.).

tie uate in gd re A Ne

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 29

chrysostoma W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 356. Sch., Novara, 313. v.d.W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 36.—Brazil (Wd., Sch.); Bahia (v. d. W.); W. Indies (0. 8. Cat.).

chrysotelus Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 329.—So. Amer.

chrysura Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 25.—So. Amer.

circumcisa Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 16.—Brazil.

cognata WIk., Dipt. Saund. 325.—So. Amer.

comta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 365.—Brazil.

contermina Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 327.—Brazil.

cruenta Mcq., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 110.—Brazil.

Note.—Is this described ?

decedens WIk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 207.—Colombia.

dichroa Sch., Novara, 313.—Chili.

diversimaculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iii, 54, pl. 6, f. 4.—Brazil.

flaveola R. D., Myod. 339 (Myophora).—Guaratuba, Brazil.

flaviceps Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 103, pl. 13, f. 3.—Brazil.

flavicostata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 104, pl. 13, f. 4.—Conception, Chili.

flavifrons Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i,191. Blanch. in Gay, Hist. Chili, vii, 428, pl.5,f.4. v.d.W., Amer. Dipt. iii, 37.—Brazil (Mcq.); Chili (Blanch.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

fulvivitta Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 326.—So. Amer.

griseoflavescens R. D., Myod. 383 (Gesneria).—Cayenne.

hirtipes Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 321.--Colombia.

humboldti R. D., Myod. 338 (Myophora).—Peru.

injuncta WIk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 208.—Brazil.

inoa WIk., List, 832.—Galapagos.

jejuna WI1k., List, 811.—Venezuela.

lambens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 365.—Sao Paulo (Wd.); W. Indies (O. S. Cat.).

modesta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 363.—Brazil.

nobilis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 536.—Montevideo; Buenos Ayres.

notata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 108.—So. Amer.

nurus Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strobel (sep ) 3.—Buenos Ayres ; Europe (Rdi.).

Syn. S. hemorrhoidalis Meig. (non Fall.).

obtusifrons Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 536.—Galapagos.

occipitalis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 532.—Callao.

opima Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 364.—Brazil.

oralis Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strob. (sep.) 3.—Bahia.

ortogesa WIk., List, 834.—Chili.

parva W1k., Dipt. Saund. 321.—Para.

philippii Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 24.—Valdivia.

phoenicurus Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 365.—Brazil.

pigmea Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aig. Oscul.—Rio Napo.

plinthopyga Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 360. WIk., Lin. Trans. xvii, 352. List, 820.— Brazil; Demerara; Jamaica; Nova Scotia (Wlk.); St. Thomas (Wd.).

proerna Wlk., List, 835.—Montevideo.

pudica Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 12.—Is. Brazil.

30 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

? punctipennis W1k., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 208.—Colombia.

quadrivittata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 102, pl. 12, f.4. v.d.W., Amerik. Dipt. ili, 36.—Brazil (Mcq.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

rubrianalis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 235.—Chili.

rubriventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 235.—Corrientes, Brazil.

ruficrura Rdi., Dipt. Exot. 25 (sep.).—Equatorial Amer.

rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,102. v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 88. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 36.—Brazil (Mcq.); Curacao (v.d. W.).

rufipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 103.—Chili.

rufiventris Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 362.—Brazil.

spinigena Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 26.—Valdivia.

subsericans WIk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 207.—So. Amer.

taitensis Sch., Novara, 314. v.d.W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 36.—Tahiti (Sch.). Bahia; Guadeloupe (v. d. W.).

tessellata Fab., Syst. Ant. 285 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 363.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Amer. (Fab.).

truncata Sch., Novara, 314.—Chili.

varipes Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aig. Oscul. (sep.) 10.—Rio Napo.

violenta W1Ik., List, 826.—Galapagos.

xanthophora Sch., Novara, 313.—So. Amer.

Gen. SARCOPHAGULA. v. d. Wulp, Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174. (1887).

amata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 367 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174. —So. Amer. (Wd.).

brevispina Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 539 (Sarcophaga). v.d.W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Rio Janeiro (Thoms.).

calida Wa., Aus. Zw. ii, 366 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174, —Brazil (Wad.).

canescens Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 539 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent; xxx, 174.—Rio Janeiro (Thoms.). .

despecta Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 540 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Panama; Puna (Thoms.); So. Amer. (v. d. W.).

genalis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 539 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Brazil (Wd., Thoms.).

Syn. Sarcophaga parvula Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 368. Note.—B. B. (Muse. Sch. ii, 110) recognize S. parvula and S. genalis as

distinct.

obsoleta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 367 (Sarcophaga). v.d.W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—W. Indies (Wd.); So. Amer. (v. d. W.)

occidua Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, 315. Syst. Ant. 288 (Sarcophaga). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 368 (do.). v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 37 (do.). v.d. W., Tijds. vy. Ent. xxx, 174.—Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.); W. I. (Wd.).

pallicrus Thoms., Eugen. Resa (Sarcophaga).—So. Amer.

a a

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 31

sugens Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 367 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Brazil (Wd.). .

surinamensis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 366 (Sarcophaga). v.d. W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Surinam (Wa.).

terminalis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 366 (Sarcophaga). v. d.W., Tijds. v. Ent. xxx, 174.—Brazil (Wd.).

Gen. PTILOZEUXIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. i, 55. (1889).

brevicornis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 299 (Zachina). B.B., Musc. Sch. iii, 111.— Montevideo (Wd.).

Gen. PHRISSOPODA. Mcq., Hist. Nat. Dipt. ii, 222. (1835). brullei Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 223.—So. Amer. maculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 97, pl. 11, f. 4.—Cayenne. preceps W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 355 (Sarcophaga). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 56.—So. Amer. (B. B.). splendens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 96, pl. 11, f. 3.—Africa; ? Chili.

Gen. MICROCERELLA. Meq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 236. (1850).

rufomaculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 236, pl. 22, f. 1.—Chili. sarcophagina Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 541.—Valparaiso. steindachneri B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 85.—Galapagos Is.

_ Fam. MUSCIDAE.

Gen. STOMOXYS. Geoffroy, Hist. des Insectes, i. (1764).

calcitrans Lin., Fab., Meig., Harris, et al., R. Desv. Myod. 386.—Brazil BeCRe De).

geniculata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 192.—Brazil.

morio Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, 393. Syst. Ant. 279. Mant. Ins. ii, 362. Syst. Ent. 797.—Brazil.

nebulosa Fab., Syst. Ant. 282. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 252.—So. America. (Wd.); Is. So. Amer. (Fab.).

sugillatrix R. D., Myod. 386.—Brazil.

trifaria Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 250. Anal. Ent. 41.—So. Amer.

variegata Fab., Syst. Ant. 281. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 251.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wa.). ;

32 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. PACHYMYIA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,115. (1843).

crassa Wd., B. B. Mus. Sch. ii, 113 (Chetogyne).—Brazil. Note.—Is this Musca crassa Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 387? vexans Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 248 (Stomoxys). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 208 (Prosena). B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 57 (Chetogyne). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 115, pl. 14, f. 3.—Sao Paulo, Brazil (Wd., Mcq.).

Gen. MYIOSPILA.

Rdi., Dipt. Ital. Prod. i, 91. (1856).

cyanea Mcq., B. B., Muse. Sch. i, 139.—Chili. Note.—Is this species described ?

.

Gen. GRAPHOMYIA. Rob., Desv. Myod. 403. (1830).

americana Sch., Novara, 304.—So. America.

Note.—The name is preoccupied by R. D. for a N. Am. species. If the two species are finally relegated to the same genus, the present one may be known as G. meridionalis.

chilensis Big., Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. xii, 616.—Chili.

: Gen. MUSCA. Linn., Fauna Suecica, 439. (1763).

acromion Wd., Anal. Ent.47. Aus. Zw. ii, 412.—So. America. annulata Fab., Mant. Ins. ii, 348.—Cayenne. aurulans R. D., Myod. 397.—Brazil. basilaris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 153. WH1k., List, 901.—Brazil (Mcq.); Jamaica (Wlk.). caruca WIk., List, 877.—Chili. chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 154, pl. 20, f. 6.—Chili. concolor WIk., Dipt. Saund. 333.—So. Amer. consanguinea Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 18. Dipt. Am. Merid. Strobel (sep.) 4.—Brazil; Buenos Ayres; Patagonia. Note.—This is perhaps a var. of I. domestica. costalis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 344.—So. Amer. dilecta Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 419.—Brazil. Note.—Br. and Bgst. say (Musc. Schiz. ii, 72) that this species is very likely the same as Zosteromyia cingulata Mcq., from Tasmania. domestica Lin., Fab., Meig., R. Desv., et al. Sch., Novara, 306. Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strobel (sep.) 3. v.d. W. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 37.—So. Amer. ?(Sch.); Buenos Ayres; Patagonia (Rdi.); Chili (Mcq.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.); N. Amer.; Europe (auct.). Var. aurifacies R. D.; campestris R. D.; vicina Meq. (Rdi. 1. c.) Syn. M. analis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 154, pl. 21, f. 2.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 33

? equestris Fab., Syst. Ent. 782.—Brazil.

fasciata W1k., Dipt. Saund. 337.—Brazil.

fulvescens R. D., Myod. 397.—Cayenne.

gamelia W1k., List, 878.—Montevideo.

gibba Fab., Syst. Ant. 297.—So. Amer.

incerta Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 334.—Colombia.

lateralis Fab., Syst. Ant. 286. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 394.—So. Amer. (Fab.,Wd.).

lyrcea WIk., List, 873.—Montevideo.

mactans Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, 321. Mant. Ins. ii, 344. Syst. Ant. 295.— Cayenne.

pampasiana Big., Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. xxii, 607.—Buenos Ayres.

phauda WIK., List, 896.—Galapagos.

pionia WIk., List, 880.—Galapagos.

purpurascens W1lk., Lin. Trans. xvii, 355. List, 889.—St. Catharine, Brazil.

purpurea Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 337.—So. Amer.

rufiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 200, pl. 17, 8.—Brazil.

semiatra Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 421.—Brazil.

stipata Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 348.—Demerara.

stomoxidea R. D., Myod. 396.—Brazil.

suffusa W1k., Dipt. Saund. 336.—Brazil.

venatoria Fab., Syst. Ant. 285. Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 391.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wa.).

verena W1k., List, 874.—Venezuela.

Gen. PHASIOPHANA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 86. (1891).

obsoleta Wd. litt. (Musca). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 86.—Brazil (B. B.).

Gen. CYRTONEURA. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 274. (1835).

bipunctata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 417 (Musca). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 115.—Brazil (Wa.).

brevis Sch., Novara, 303.—So. America.

cyanea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 157, pl. 21, f. 6.—Conception, Chili.

_ cylindrica Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 200, pl. 17, f. 12.—Brazil.

lindigii Sch., Novara, 298 (Anthomyia). 3B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 115.—So. Amer. '(Sch.).

maculipennata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 252, pl. 23, f. 7 (Pyrellia). Sch., Novara, 304 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 115.—So. Amer. ; Colombia (Sch.); Brazil (Mcq., Sch.).

nudiseta v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 42.—Argentine Rep.

pictipennis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1878, 39.—Brazil.

scutellaris Fab., Syst. Ant. 293 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 410 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 115.—So. Amer. (Fab., Wd.).

Annats N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.—3

34 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

stabulans Fall., Meig. Ztt. (Musca). Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 277. Sch., Dipt. Austr. i, 597. Blanch. in Gay. Hist. Chili, vii, 437. v.d. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 89. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 41.—Chili (Mcq., Blanch., v. d. W.); Eu. and No. Amer. (O. 8.); Auckland (Sch.); Australia (Meq.).

Syn. Anthomyia cinerascens Wd., Zool. Mag. i, 1, 79. Cyrtoneura vicina Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 157, pl. 21, f. 7.

violacea Fab., Syst. Ant. 288 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 409 (do.). B. B.,

Mus. Sch. ii, 115.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Amer. (Fab.).

Gen. IDIA. Meig., Syst. Beschr. v, 9. (1826).

americana Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 193.—Colombia.

Gen. RHYNCHOMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 424. (1830).

fasciata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 194.—Colombia.

.

Gen. MESEMBRINA Meigen, Syst. Beschr. v, 10. (1826).

zeneiventris Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 376 (Dexia). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 115.— Brazil (Wd.).

quadrilineata Fab., Syst. Ant. 286 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 347. Perty, Delect. An. Brasil. 186, pl. 37, f. 6.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Amer. (Fab.); Sebastianopolis (Pty.).

Gen. PARALUCILIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Schiz. ii, 87. (1891).

fulvipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 132, pl. 16, f. 3 (Calliphora). Sch., Novara, 309 (do.).. Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strobel (sep.) 3 (Somomyia). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 87.—Chili (Meq., Sch.); Buenos Ayres; Mendoza; Concordia (Rdi.).

Gen. LUCILIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 452. (1830).

curvipes Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 544.—Rio Janeiro.

durvillei Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 142, pl. 20, f. 3.—Payta, Peru.

elegans Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 112.—So. Amer.

eximia W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 399 (Musca). v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 39.— Brazil (Wd.); Argentine (v. d. W.).

fernandica Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 112, pl. 6, f. 9.—Fernando.

fulvicornis R. D., Myod. 462.—Brazil.

fuscanipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 250, pl. 23, f. 5.—Bahia.

incisuralis Mcg., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 147, pl. 20, f. 2.—Braail.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 39

luteicornis Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 375.—Venezuela.

marginata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 147.—Brazil, or Chili.

nigrofasciata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 112, pl. 6, f. 8.—Fernando.

nubipennis Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 17.—Brazil (Wd., Rdi.).

| Syn. Musca segmentaria Wd. (non Fab.), Aus. Zw. ii, 40.

2. 5g ae Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 408 (Musca). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 149, pl. 20,

5 (Pyrellia). Bigot, Sagra, 821 (do.). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 116.—

ae (Wd., Mcq.); Cuba (Mcq., Big.).

parensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 142, pl. 18, f. 5. —ParA.

peruviana R. D., Myod. 455.—Peru.

picicrus iiivonae Eugen. Resa, 543.—Panama.

porticola Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 544.—Callao.

princeps Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brasil. (sep.) 17.—Brazil.

punctipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Supl. iii, 56.—Brazil.

putrida Fab., Syst. Ent. 775. Ent. Syst. iv, 316. Mant. Ins. ii, 343. Syst. Ant. 288 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 404 (do.). Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 4(sep.). B.B., Mus. Sch. ii, 116.—Is. Amer. (Fab.); So. Amer. (Wd.); Cuba (Jen.).

quadrisignata Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 544.—Galapagos.

ruficornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 198. Sch., Novara, 304. Bigot, Sagra, 821. —Chili (Sch.); Colombia (Mcq.); Cuba (Big.).

segmentaria Fab., Syst. Ant. 292 (Musca). B. B., Mus. Sch. ii, 116.—So. Amer. (Fab. ).

smaragdula R. D., Myod. 462. ale

subrectineuris eG: , Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 250.—Minas-Geraes, Brazil.

varipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 141, pl. 19, f. 3.—Brazil.

Gen. COMPSOMYIA. Rdi., An. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova vii. 9. (1875).

-macellaria Fab., Syst. Ent. 776. Ent. Syst. iv, 319. Mant. Ins. ii, 344. Syst. Ant. 292 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 405 (do.). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 147, pl. 17, f. 9 (Luctlia). E. Lynch-Arribalz., An. Soc. Cien. Agent. x, 71. v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 38. See Willist., Albatross Explor., Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xii, 203-4, for extensive synonymy which I have not recognized in this catalogue.—Brazil (Wd., Meq.); Is. Amer. (Fab.); Argentine Rep.; Guadeloupe (v.d. W.); Cuba (Mcq.); United States.

Note.—B. B. (Mus. Sch. ii, 116) apparently do not recognize this genus, but refer the species to Calliphora.

Gen. METALLICOMYIA. v. Réder, Dipt. Ges. S. A. Al. Sttibel (sep.) 13. (1886).

elegans v. Rid., Dipt. Ges. 8. A. (sep.) 13, pl., ff. 4, 4a.—Ecuador.

36 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. BLEPHARICNEMA. Mcq. Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,126. (1843).

splendens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 127, pl. 15, f.5. Sch., Novara, 312. v. Réd. Dipt. Ges. S. A. Al. Stiibel, (sep.) 13. B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 54.—So. Amer. (Sch.); Ecuador (v. Réd.); Venezuela (B. B.).

Gen. CALLIPHORA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 433. (1830).

anthropophaga Conil, Act. Ac. N. C. Ex. iii, 41.—So. Amer.

fuscipennis Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 376.—Brazil. .

gulo Fab., Syst. Ant. 283 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 384 (do.). Meq., Hist. Nat. ii, 263.—So. Amer. (Fab.).

infesta Philippi, Zeitschr. Ges. Naturw. xvii, 513.—Chili.

magellanica Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 131.—Str. Magellan.

nigribasis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 242.—Colombia.

peruviana R. D., Myod. 438. Mcq. Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 131, pl. 16, f. 9.—Peru Gi. Di);

peruviana Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 243, pl. 22, f. 9.—Payta, Peru.

Note.—The name is preoccupied, and may be changed to C. paytensis.

phacoptera v. da. W., Notes Leyd. Mus. iv, 88. Amerik. Dipt. iii, 40.—Chili.

semiatra Sch., Novara, 308. v. Réd., Dipt. Ges. S. A. Al. Stiibel (sep.), 15.— Colombia (Sch.); Paramo, Colomb. (v. Réd.).

tibialis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 242.—Rio Janeiro.

vomitoria Lin., Fab., Meig., et al. (Musca). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. iii, 3, 127.— Guiana (Mcq.); Eu. and No. Amer.

Gen. CHRYSOMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 444. (1830).

affinis R. D., Myod., 445.—Brazil.

fulvicrura R. D., Myod., 446.—Montevideo.

hyacinthina R. D. , Myod., 450. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3. 148, pl. 17, f. @ Cuatiays —so. Amer. (R. D.); No. Amer. (Mcq.).

hyacinthina R. D., Myod., 462.—Brazil.

Note.—The name is preoccupied. It may be called C. brasiliensis.

idioidea R. D., Myod., 445. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 251 (Lucilia).—Brazil (Meq., Re D.).

lepida R. D., Myod., 448.—Brazil.

socia R. D., Myod., 447.—Brazil.

viridula R. D., Myod., 445.—Brazil.

Gen. SOMOMYIA. Rdi., Att. Accad. Sc. Bologna. (1861).

acutangula Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 28.—So. Amer. amazona Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 255.—Brazil.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 37

americana Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 29.—Chili (Mcq.). Syn. Calliphora rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 132. annulipes Philippi, Zeitschr. Ges. Naturw. xvii, 514 (Calliphora). Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 30.—Chili (Phil., Rdi.). argentina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 254.—Buenos Ayres. calogaster Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 246.—La Plata. castanipes Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 245.—Quito. chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 131, pl. 16, f. 1 (Calliphora). Sch., Nov. 309 (do.). Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 29.—Chili (Mcq., Sch., Rdi.). ?Syn. Som. philippiana Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 29. fulvobarbata Big., Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr., xii, 598.—Montevideo. gratiosa Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 253.—Buenos Ayres. montevidensis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 46.—Montevideo. nitens Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 244.—Colombia. orenoquina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1877, 253.—Brazil. rubrifrons Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 250, pl. 23, f. 5 (Zucilia). Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strob. (sep.) 3.—Buenos Ayres (Mcq., Rdi.). transmarina Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 29.—So. Amer.

Gen. PYRELLIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 462. (1830).

chloe Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1878, 36.—Quito. diversipalpis Rdi., Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 30.—So. Amer. (Mcq.). Syn. Pyr. rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 114. facilis Wlk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 214.—So. Amer. flavicornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 58, pl. 6, f. 11.—Brazil. maculipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 199, pl. 17, f. 6.—Colombia; Brazil. ochrifacies Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 15.—St. Sebastian, Brazil. rufipalpis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 252.—Minas-Geraes, Brazil. violacea R. D., Myod. 463.—Brazil.

Gen. DASYPHORA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 409. (1830).

spinifera v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 39.—Argentine Rep.

Gen. OCHROMYIA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 132. (1843).

flavipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 134, pl. 17, f. 3.—Para.

fuscipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 135, pl. 17, f. 2. Rdi., Esame Ditt. Brasil. 17 (sep.).—Para (Meq., Rdi.).

gigas Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. i, 196, pl. 17, f. 9.—Brazil.

nigrifrons Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1878, 39.—Brazil.

testacea R. D., Myod. 426 (Bengalia).—Cayenne ; New Holland.

38 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Gen. REINWARDTIA. Br. Bgst., Muse. Sch. i,.90. (1889).

tachinina B. B., Mus. Sch. i, 90, 103; ii, 109.—Venezuela.

Gen. MYA. Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 13. (1850).

alia R. D., Myod. 447 (Chrysomyia). Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 13.—Brazil (R. D.); St. Sebastian (Rdi.).

jonicroma Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aiq. Oseul. (sep.) 12.—Rio Napo.

semidiaphana Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 15.—St. Sebastian.

versicolor Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 13. Dipt. Am. Aq. Oscul. (sep.) 11.— Venezuela; Rio Napo. .

Gen. GRALLOMYA. Rdi., Esap. Ditt. (sep.) 18. (1850).

osculati Rdi., Dipt. Am. Aig. Oscul. (sep.) 12.—Rio Napo.

Fam. ANTHOMYIDAE.

Gen. ARICIA, Rob. Desv., Myod. 486. (1830).

bicolor Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v. 117, pl. 6, f. 14.—? Brazil. canaliculata R. D., Myod. 484 ( Phaonia).—Brazil. ? chilensis Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 294 ( Yetodesia).—Chili. dichroma W4d., Aus. Zw. ii, 425 (Anthomyia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 117, pl. 6, f. 13.—Brazil (Wd., Mcq.). dubia Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 294 ( Yetodesia).—Chili. erratica Fall., Macq. Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 162.—Brazil; Europe (Mcq.). flavicornis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. v, 117, pl. 6, f. 12.—St. Fernando. ignava WIk., Tr. Ent. Soc. Lond. n. s. iv, 217.—Brazil. rufiguttata Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 258, pl. 23, f. 16.—Bahia. semiclausa Sch., Novara, 302.—Chili.

Gen. SPILOGASTER. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 293. (1835).

adelpha Sch., Novara, 300.—So. Amer.

bipunctata Sch., Novara, 299.—So. Amer.

calliphoroides Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 371.—Brazil. geniculatus Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 289.—Buenos Ayres. grandis Sch., Novara, 302.—So. Amer.

maculipennis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 163, pl. 22, f. 3.—Guiana. monacha Sch., Novara, 301.—Sv. Amer.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 39

peeciloptera Sch., Novara, 300.—Brazil.

principalis Sch., Novara, 301.—So. Amer.

seeva Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 430 (Anthomyia). Sch., Nov. 300.—Brazil (Wd.); So. Amer. (Sch.).

sexpunctata v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 43.—Argentine Rep.

trispilus Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 285.—Buenos Ayres.

Gen. HYDROTZA. Rob. Desy., Myod. 509. (1830).

stuebeli v. Réd., Dipt. Ges. 8. A. Al. Stiibel, 15 (sep. ).—Colombia (v. Réd.); ? Chili; New Holland (Mcq.). ?Syn. Hydr. cyaneiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 263; Sup. v, 118.

Gen. OPHYRA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 516. (1830).

andina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 304.—Chili.

argentina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 302.—Buenos Ayres.

coerulea Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 165, pl. 22, f. 5. Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strob. (sep.) 4 (Limnophora). Big., Miss. Cap Horn. Dipt. 29.—Chili (Mcq., Big.); Buenos Ayres (Rdi.).

hirtula Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 303.—Chili.

pusilla Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 304,—Chili.

setosa Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 303.—Chili.

virescens Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 164.—Guaratuba, Brazil.

Gen. LIMNOPHORA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 517. (1830).

aurifera Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 273.—Chili.

chlorogaster Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 271.—Buenos Ayres. elegans Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 165, pl. 22, f. 6.—Guiana.

fuscineuris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 263, pl. 24, f. 6.—Buenos Ayres. limbata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 271.—Chili.

lynchii v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 43.—Argentine Rep.

vicina R. D., Myod. 520.—Brazil.

zebrina Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 273.—Chili.

Gen. HYLEMYIA. Rob. Desv., Myod. 550. (1830). andicola Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 300.—Chili. nigripes R. D., Myod. 553. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 168, pl. 22, f. 8.— Cayenne. Gen. ANTHOMYIA. Meig., Illig. Mag. ii, 281. (1803).

zethiops W1k., Dipt. Saund. 365.—Brazil. arcuata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 425.—Brazil.

40 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

brasiliensis Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 366.—Brazil. brevipalpis Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 557.—Guayaquil. certa Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 364.—Brazil. chilensis Jen., Neue Ex. Dipt. 373.—Chili. chrysostoma Rdi., Dipt. Exot. (sep.) 33.—Chili. corelia Wlk., List, 953.—Montevideo. ? cothurnata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 298.—Chili. cutilia Wlk., List, 954.—Montevideo. despecta W1lk., Dipt. Saund. 364.—Brazil. diversa Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 436.—Montevideo. ? dubia Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 298.—Chili. felsina Wlk., List, 955.—Montevideo. gemina Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 436.—Brazil. grisea Fab., Syst. Ant. 293 (Musca). Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 422.—So. Amer.

(Fab., Wd.). heydenii Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 429.—Brazil. inducta WIk., Dipt. Saund. 360.—Brazil. lanicrus Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 556.—Buenos Ayres. leucotelus WI1k., Dipt. Saund. 361.—Brazil. limbata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 425.—Brazil. maculipennis WIk., Dipt. Saund. 357.—Brazil. maculosa WIlk., Dipt. Saund. 357.—Brazil. nigrina Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 424.—Brazil. ovativentris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 267, pl. 24, f. 12.—Montevideo. pantherina Wd., Anal. Ent. 53. Aus. Zw. ii, 430.—So. Amer. pedella Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 423.—Brazil. precipua WIk., Dipt. Saund. 351.—Brazil. prominula Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 550.—Buenos Ayres. ? rubrifrons Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 297.—Chili. . sanctijacobi Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 296.—Chili. setia Wlk., List, 956.—Galapagos. spiloptera Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 433.—Brazil. tenuior WIk., Dipt. Saund. 365.—Brazil. tricolor W1k., Dipt. Saund. 358.—Brazil. unicolor Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 353.—So. Amer. vicaria Wlk., Dipt. Saund. 361.—Brazil. virgata Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 434.—Brazil.

CRASPEDOCHASTA. Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 268. (1850).

punctipennis Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 435 (Anthomyia). v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 45 (Chortophila). -Mcq., Dipt. Ex, Sup. iv, 269, pl. 24, f. 14.—Mon- tevideo (Wd., Mcq.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. _ 41

Gen. CHORTOPHILA. Mcq., Hist. Nat. ii, 323. (1835).

albostriata v. d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 46.—Argentine Rep.

chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 265, pl. 24, f. 9.—Coquimbo, Chili.

chlorogaster Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 427 (Anthomyia). v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 47.—Montevideo (Wd.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

limbinervis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 169, pl. 22, f. 2.—Chili.

liturata Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strob. (sep.) 5.—Buenos Ayres.

rubrifrons Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 279.—Buenos Ayres.

Gen. PARACHORTOPHILA. Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1852, 21. (1852).

ruficoxa Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 280.—Chili.

: Gen. ATOMOGASTER. Mcq., Hist. Nat. Dipt. ii, 329. (1835).

pusio Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 437 (Anthomyia). Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3, 169.—So. Amer. (Wd.).

Gen. HOMALOMYIA. Bouché, Naturg. d. Insecten, i, 88. (1834).

ecanicularis Lin., Fab., et al. (Musca), Mg., Mcq., Ztt. (Anthomyia). Svh., Dipt. Austr. i, 654. v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 47. Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 284.—Chili (Mcq., Blanch.); Buenos Ayres (Big., v. d. W.); No. Amer. and Eu. Syn. Anthomyia chilensis Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,171, pl. 23, f. 4. Blanch. in Gay, Hist. Chili, vii, 442. erythropsis Big., Miss. Cap Horn. Dipt. 30, pl. 4, f. 1.—Cape Horn.

Gen. LISPE. Latreille, Précis d. Caract. génér. (1796).

rufitibialis Mcq., Dipt. Ex., ii, 3, 168, pl. 22, f. 7.—Brazil, or Chili.

Gen. CCANOSIA. | Meig., Syst. Beschr. v, 210. (1826). annulipes Mcq., Dipt. Ex. ii, 3,172, pl. 23, f. 7.—Chili. pipunculina Thoms., Eugen. Resa, 559.—Rio Janeiro.

Gen. MYANTHA. Rdi., Dipt. Ital. Prod. i. (1856).

canicularis Lin., Rdi. Dipt. Ex. (sep.) 34.—Chili. Note.—Is this a synonym of Homalomyia canicularis L.? fusconotata Rdi., Dipt. Am. Merid. Strob. (sep.) 4.—Mendoza.

42 South American Species of Calyptrale Muscide.

Gen. BRACHYGASTERINA. Mcq., Dipt. Exot. Sup. iv, 259. (1850-1).

chalybea Wd., Aus. Zw. ii, 428 (Anthomyia). Sch., Novara, 299 (Limnophora).

v.d. W., Amerik. Dipt. iii, 44.—Brazil (Wd.); Chili (Mcq., Blanch., Sch.); Argentine Rep. (v. d. W.).

Syn. Brachyg. violaceiventris Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 259, pl. 23, f. 17.

Blanch. in Gay, Hist. Chili, vii, 439. .

Gen. MICROCHYLUM. Meq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 256. (1850-1).

vittatum Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 257, pl. 23, f. 11.—Bahia.

Gen. LEUCOMELINA. Meq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 261. (1850-1).

pica Mcq., Dipt. Ex. Sup. iv, 262, pl. 24, f. 3.—Minas-Geraes, Brazil.

Gen. SPATHIPHEROMYIA. Big., Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1884, 123. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 267. (1884).

stellata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 267.—Chili.

Gen. DASYPHYMA. Bigot, Bull. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1882, 254. An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 268. (1882).

armata Big., An. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1885, 268.—Chili.

South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide. 43

IST OF TITLES QUOTED.

Bieot, J. M. F.—Papers in Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France. Paris.

Bieot, J. M. F.—Diptéres nouveaux ou peu connus. In Annales de la Société entomologique de France. Paris.

Bigot, J. M. F.—Diptéres nouveaux ou peu connus. Muscidi. In Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France. XII. Paris, 1887.

Bigot, J. M. F.—Mission scientifique du Cap Horn. Tome VI. Zoologie. Insectes. Diptéres. Paris, 1888.

Braver, F.—Monographie der Cstriden. Wien, 1863.

Braver, F., und J. Epten von BeRGENSTAMM.—Die Zweifltigler des Kaiserlichen Museums zu Wien. IV. Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria schizometopa (exclusive Anthomyide). Pars i. In Denkschriften der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Band LVI. Wien, 1889.

BRAvER, F., und J. EpLen von BERGENSTAMM.—Die Zweifliigler, etc. V. Vorar- beiten, etc. Pars II. In Denkschriften, etc. Band LVIII. Wien, 1891.

Fasricivs, J. C.—Systema Entomologie. Antliata. Flensburgi et Lipsiz, 1775.

Fasricius, J. C.—Mantissa Insectorum. Vol. II. Antliata. Hafnie, 1787.

Fasricius, J. C.—Systema Antliatorum. Brunsvige, 1805.

JNNICKE, F.—Neue exotische Dipteren. In Abhandl. d. Senckenb. Ges. Vol. VI. Frankfurt. 1867.

Macquart, J.—Histoire Naturelle des Diptéres. Vol. II. Suites & Buffon. Paris, 1835.

Macquart, J.—Diptéres Exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Vol. II, part 3. Supplements i, ii, iii, iv, v. Paris, 1842-55.

OstEN-Sacken, C. R.—Catalogue of the described Diptera of North America. Second ed. Smithsonian Institution: Washington, 1878.

Perty, Maximitianus.—Delectus animalium articulatorum que in itinere per Brasiliam, etc., collegerunt. Monachii. 1830-34.

RopineAu-DeEsvoipy, J. B.—Essai sur les Myodaires. In Mémoires des savants étrangers de 1’ Académie des Sciences de Paris. Vol. II. Paris, 1830. Ronpant, C.—Esame di varie specie d’insetti ditteri Brasiliani. In Studi

Entomolog. Vol. I. Torino, 1848.

Ronpani, C.—Dipterorum species alique in America quatoriali collecte a Cajetano Osculati, observate et distinctw, novis breviter descriptis. In Nuovi Ann. sc. nat. Bologna. Ser. 3. Vol. II. Bologna, 1850.

Ronpani, C.—Osservazioni sopra alquante specie di esapodi ditteri del Museo Torinese. In Nuovi Annali sc. nat. Bologna. Ser. 3. Vol. II. Bologna, 1850.

44 South American Species of Calyptrate Muscide.

Ronpant, C.—Dipterorum species et genera aliqua exotica, revisa et annotata novis nonullis descriptis. In Archivio per la Zoologia. Vol. III. Modena, 1863.

Ronpant, C.—Diptera aliqua in America meridionali lecta a Prof. P. Strobel annis 1866-67 distincta et annotata, novis aliquibus descriptis. In An- nuario Soc. Nat. in Modena. Vol. III. Modena, 1868.

ScuHinER, J. R.—Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren, 1857-59. Zoologischer Theil. Diptera. Wien, 1868.

THomson, C. G.—Kongliga Svenska fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring Jorden. Zoologi. Entomologiska bidrag. Diptera, species novas descripsit. Stock- holm, 1568.

VAN DER Wo.p, F. M.—Remarks on certain American Diptera in the Leyden Museum, and description of nine new species. In Notes from the Leyden Museum. Vol. IV. Leyden, 1882.

VAN DER Wo tp, F. M.—Amerikaansche Diptera. Part ili. In Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. XXVI. ’s Gravenhage (The Hague), 1883.

VAN DER WuoLpP, F. M.—Nog iets over langwerpige Dexinen. In Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. XXX. The Hague, 1887.

VAN DER Wo p, F. M.—Sarcophagula, een nieuw geslacht der Sarcophagine. In Tijdschrift voor Entomologie. XXX, pp. 173-174. The Hague, 1887.

VAN DER Wo-p, F. M.—Biologia Centrali-Americana. Zoologia. Insecta. Dip- tera. Vol. II. London, 1888-91.

von RépEr, V.—Dipteren gesammelt in den Jahren, 1868-77, auf einer Reise durch Siid-Amerika von Alphons Sttibel. In Stettiner Entomol. Zeitung. Vol. XLVII. Stettin, 1886. Sep. Berlin, 1891.

Watker, F.—List of the Specimens of Dipterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Partiv. London, 1849.

Waker, F.—Insecta Saundersiana, or characters of undescribed Insects in the collection of W. W. Saunders, Esq. Diptera. London, 1856.

Watker, F.—Characters of undescribed Diptera in the collection of W. W. Saunders, Esq., F.R.S., etc. In Trans. of the Entomolog. Society of Lon- don. New Series. Vol. IV. London, 1858.

Wiepemann, C..R. W.—Aussereuropiische Zweifliigelige Insecten. Vol. II. Hamm, 1830.

Wituston, 8S. W.—Dipterological Notes and Descriptions. Muscide calyp- trate. In Transactions of the American Entomolog. Society. Vol. XIII. Philadelphia, 1886.

Wituston, S. W.—An interesting new genus of South American Tachinidae. In Entomologica Americana. Vol. III, pp. 151-3. Brooklyn, 1887. | Wiursron, S. W.—Scientific results of explorations by the U.S. Fish Commis- sion Steamer Albatross. Part v. Annotated Catalogue of the Insects collected in 1887-88. Diptera. In Proceed. of U.S. National Museum.

Vol. XII. Washington, 1889.

Il.—An Enumeration of the Plants Collected by Dr. Thomas Morong in Paraguay, 1888-1890.

BY THOMAS MORONG AND N. L. BRITTON, WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF MISS ANNA MURRAY VAIL.

Read June 6, 1892.

The journey in which the plants enumerated and described in this paper were collected was made in the years 1888, 1889, and 1890. It was undertaken under the auspices of the Torrey Botanical Club, and by the aid of two members of that organization and a generous friend of science in Boston, Mass.

With the exception of a few plants hastily snatched by the writer at or near Buenos Aires, while waiting to proceed up the Rio de la Plata, the main part of the specimens was obtained in central Para- guay within a radius of i100 miles from Asuncion. In January, 1890, an exploration of the Pileomayo River, a tributary of the Paraguay which forms the boundary line between western Para- guay and the Argentine Republic, was set on foot by the Paraguay Land Company, and the writer was invited to act as naturalist of the expedition. A small steamer was built in England for the pur- pose, and sent up the river under the command of Prof. O. J. Storm, of Buenos Aires. After a well nigh herculean effort, lasting six months, to overcome the obstructions of this little stream, consist- ing of shallows, sand-bars, and innumerable snags and old logs, and after proceeding nearly 400 miles, stemming on the way many swift and dangerous rapids and a waterfall around which the steamer was dragged by land, we encountered an immense swamp or lagoon overgrown with grasses and weeds through which it was impossible © to force a way by any means at our command, and the expedition was necessarily abandoned. All of this region, lying in the Gran Chaco, is uninhabited except by tribes of roving savages, and much of it had never been previously traversed by civilized men. Here a considerable, and not the least interesting, portion of the plants was collected.

The notes appended to the species are taken in all cases from

Awnnaus N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.

46 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

written descriptions made by the collector in the field, or from fresh specimens directly after reaching home. The observations and measurements are entirely his own, none of them being drawn from the works cited in the naming of the species, and they simply record what he saw himself whether they conform exactly to the published descriptions or not.

The determinations of the genera and species are due principally to Prof. N. L Britton, of Columbia College, who visited the Her- baria at Kew, the British Museum, Paris, and Geneva in the sum- mer of 1891, and compared such as could not be matched in the Herbarium of Columbia with the vast collections stored in those places.

He was aided in his researches by such eminent Huropean bota- nists as J. G. Baker, Edmund Baker, A. Cogniaux, N. E. Brown, M. T. Masters, A. Franchet, Casimir DeCandolle, and R. A. Rolfe, who courteously named many of the plants belonging to genera in which they are experts.

Prof. Britton’s descriptions of new species and occasional notes - bear his signature. |

In this joint work we have been greatly assisted by Miss Anna Murray Vail, who has not only consulted many publications in the attempt to identify the species, but also sorted out the plants, ar- ranged them in systematic order, and devoted much time and labor to preparing the labels and distributing the specimens to subscribers.

So much care has been exercised in the identification of the spe- cies, that we feel sure that the names are substantially correct.

The nomenclature adopted is in accordance with the rules pro- mulgated by the Botanical Club of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at its recent meeting in Rochester,

New York. THOMAS MORONG.

CotumBia CoLLEGE, October 26, 1892.

RANUNCULACE.

Clematis Brasiliana, D.C., Syst. i, 143.

Near Asuncion (759); Pilcomayo River (1067). A climbing vine with white and very fragrant flowers, much like our C. Virginiana. The tails of the fruit are longer, plumose, and

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 47

exceedingly graceful. It climbs high and embowers tall shrubs in the Pileomayo thickets. January—June.

Ranunculus apiifolius, Pers., Syn., ii, 105. Buenos Aires (8). October.

Ranunculus muricatus, L. Sp. Pl., 780. Buenos Aires (7). October.

ANONACEA.

Rollinia emarginata, Schlecht., Linnea, ix, 315.

Asuncion (99). November. = Balansa, No. 2296. Called in Guarani, Araticu; in Spanish Chirimoya.

This is not the large edible Chirimoya so common in Peru and the more northern South American countries, which, so far as I know, does not occur in Paraguay. It is a slender shrub with a handsome head of green, coriaceous leaves, 3-5 m. high, and some- times a small tree of twice that height. The flowers are curiously constructed, consisting of 3 small, ovate, appressed sepals, and 6 petals, the 3 outer of which are yellow, flat bodies that stand edge upwards in a triangular position. These when drawn down at the base exhibit 3 other petals entirely unlike the outer ones, being small, rounded, and meeting in a whorl at the summit, with a pur- ple interior. Under these is a ball or arch of cohering stamens, which are completely concealed by the overlapping inner petals. Under all is another ball or arch of styles and stigmas, and this is completely enclosed by the over-arching mass of stamens. I could see no possible manner in which the pollen could reach the stigmas, and am satisfied that it must be done as in the next species of the same order, which I examined more closely.

Anona cornifolia, St. Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid., i, 33. Ex. descr.

Asuncion and Pilecomayo River (149). November. = Gibert, No. 1095.

The outer petals here are not erect as in Rollinia, but flat and imbricated over the inner ones. A very similar arrangement of the stamens and pistils occurs however. The stamens are in an arched disk, the central ones apparently infertile, and all cohering by trun- cate callous connectives under which are the anthers. The stigmas

48 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

lie under the thick mass of infertile stamens, and so far as I could judge entirely out of the reach of the pollen by any action of the organs themselves. I found, however, that the pollen was very plentiful, and that a pin thrust through the anthers obliquely would carry its grains to the stigmas. There seemed in the older flowers to be evidence that this operation is performed by insects, and I came to the conclusion that, as in the case of Hupomatia, described by Maout and Decaisne, the plant must always depend for fructifi- cation upon insect agency. The fact that fruit is seldom found upon the shrub confirms the idea. I often obtained flowers both of this and Rollinia, but not one in ten of the flowers formed fruit. In both cases the fruit is a large, irregularly shaped berry containing ~many seeds imbedded in a pulpy aril, and said by the people to be edible. They are very inferior to the Chirimoya or custard apple, to which they are closely allied.

MENISPERMACE.

Cissampelos Pareira, L., Sp. Pl., 1473.

Between Trinidad and Lympio (729); Pilecomayo River (815). November—J une. ; :

The ‘‘Pareira brava” of the druggists, the roots of which are in high repute, medicinally, in urinary diseases. A dicecious vine twining around shrubs and trees. It has many broad cordate-ovate leaves, 5-10 cm. long, and nearly as wide at the base. Stems fus- cous hairy. Roots exceedingly large and rather woody.

Cissampelos Pareira, L., var. Caapeba (L.), Hichl., Mart. Fl. Bras., Xi, ptt 190: . Asuncion (829). November. The variety with leaves only 1 cm. long and 2 cm. broad, bearing, when in fruit, many small red berries. This looks different enough to be almost regarded as a distinct species.

Castalia Gibertii, Morong, n. sp.

Leaves oval in outline, entire, rounded at the apex, the lobes moderately spreading and obtuse, the under surface covered with short branching fuscous lines interspersed here and there with elevated raphioidal strize, the upper surface having these strie mingled with minute tubercles, especially near the sinus. Flowers white, turning yellowish in drying, inodorous, 6-7 cm. in diameter. Sepals oblong-ovate, 3-33 cm. long, somewhat acute, with numer-

Planis Collected in Paraguay. 49

ous fuscous lines or elevated strie on the exterior surface. Petals in 3 series, a little shorter than the sepals, marked with faint purplish lines, which are even with the surface or slightly raised, the outermost thick and green along the middle of the back, like the sepals, and with broad white margins. Stamens in 4 series. Anther cells of the outermost 6 or 7 somewhat immature, but apparently 18. Ripe fruit and tubers not seen.

mm.in length. Carpels

An unnamed specimen collected by Gibert (No. 53) at Asuncion in June, 1858, is at Kew. Above the Falls on the Pilcomayo River, May 6 (1028).

Victoria Amazomica (Pepp.), Planch. Rev. Hort., Feb. 15, 1853 (V. regia, Lindl.).

In lagoons near Asuncion (281). December—January. This famous flower is abundant in the lagoons on the Paraguay ’ River, and is found as far south as Corrientes. The popular name which it bears, ‘‘ Mais del agua,” is derived from the use made of its seeds. These are about as large as buck-shot, and are gathered by the natives and roasted or pounded into meal, from which very palatable and nutritious bread is made.

PAPAVERACE A.

Argemone Mexicama, L., Sp. Pl., 508.

Asuncion (155). Apparently naturalized.

FUMARIACE A.

Fumaria capreolata, L., Sp. Pl., 701. Buenos Aires (18). October.

CRUCIFERE.

Lepidium Bonariense, L., Sp. Pl., 645. Buenos Aires (12). October. Pileomayo River (1056). June.

Coronopus didymius (L.), Smith, Fl. Brit. iii, 691. Buenos Aires (5). October.

Raphanus sativus, L., Sp. Pl., 669.

Railroad between Paragua and Luque (855). December. Seems to be thoroughly naturalized in the vicinity of towns, but it bears no root like the cultivated radish. Annas N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.—4

50 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

CAPPARIDACEHA.

Cleome aculeata, L. Syst., Ed. 12, iii, App., p. 232. Asuncion (117 and 117a). November.

Gynandropsis pentaphylila (L.), D. C., Prod., i, 238.

Asuncion (348). December.

6-9 dm. high. Flowers large, purple, showy. Leaves on long petioles, 5-foliolate. Stem, petioles, and the dorsal nerves of the leaves beset with glandular hairs and small prickles. Peduneles, petals, and ovary with yellow glands. Pods 34—4 em. in length, on long peduncles, jointed about $ way up.

Capparis cynophallophora, L., Sp. Pl., 504.

Asuncion (763). July. Found only in fruit. A small tree 5-6 m. high, with flexuous

greenish-vellow branches, glabrous, with small black warts on the ,

bark. Leaves simple, alternate, elliptical or oval, coriaceous, shin- ing above, greenish-yellow, shortly petioled, the blades about 7 em. long, and 38 cm. wide. Pods in clusters of 1-5, often as much as 30 cm. long, cylindrical, moniliform, the outside greenish-yellow or brown, the interior lining red.

Thickets near Asuncion.

Capparis declinata, Vell., Pls Blume, Vv, t. ii.

Pilcomayo River (9464). In fruit. January. Similar to No. 768, but with smaller leaves and pods.

Capparis Tweediana, Eichl., Mart. Fl. Bras., xiii, pt. 1, 273.

Pileomayo River (1046). May.

Nearer C. Tweediane than C. crotonoides as described in Mart. Fl. Bras., but not exactly agreeing with either. The projections of the disk are 5, alternate with the stamens, looking like staminodea. Leaves larger, petioles longer, pedicels longer than in C. Tweedzana. Flower bud tetragonous (not triquetrous, as in C. T'weediana). Stamens 5 (in C. crotonotdes 6-8).

A common shrub or small tree on the Pilcomayo, with roundish leaves, which are green and glabrous above and white tomentose beneath. It blossoms late in May and then sparsely. The flowers are peculiar, with 4 spreading yellowish-green sepals and as many

rn

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 51

petals, 5 long stamens, alternate with as many staminodia or disk projections, and an ovary on a stellately downy stipe 24 cm. long. The flowers themselves are borne on a stellately downy peduncle 14-2 cm. in length. The trunk of this shrub has near the base light brown scaly bark, smooth and yellowish above.

Cratzeva Tapia, L., Sp. Pl., 444.

Asuncion (820); Pilcomayo River (897).

A fine tree growing around Asuncion and far up on the Pilco- mayo River. It reaches a height of 16 m. or more. It has a smooth gray bark, and smooth, glossy, ternate leaves. The flowers are white in thick clusters at the ends of the branches, on pedicels 23-33 cm. long. The fruit at the time I saw it, January 24, was nearly as large as a lemon, on peduncles 7-12 cm. long, solitary. green on the outside, with a thick white meat on the inside, contain- ing many seeds irregularly disposed. The tree is known among the Paraguayan natives as ‘‘ Papaguayan”’ (name of a tribe of Paraguayan Indians) or ‘‘ Indian orange,” and it is said that the fruit is eaten as an orange by the Indians. Its numerous, large dark green leaves well adapt it for an ornamental shade tree, as which it is sometimes used in Paraguay.

Flowers in October, fruits in January.

VIOLARILA.

Calceolaria Brasiliensis, Britton. Tonidium album, St. Hil., not C. alba, R. and P.

Caballero (410). January.

Calceolaria communis (St. Hil.), Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., 41.

Near Pirayu (662). April.

This interesting plant growing in open woods is a suffruticose herb about 1 m.in height. The delicate white flowers are peculiar, entirely losing their character in dried specimens. There are 5 free, hairy, persistent sepals, and 5 distinct petals, 4 of them minute and the 5th larger and standing out prominently from the rest, with upturned edges which give it the appearance of a miniature sugar scoop. Stamens 5, the 2 lowest with short white spurs; filaments broad; anthers somewhat sagittate, the cells long and parallel, sur- mounted by a brownish sharp-pointed cap. The seeds, at first shal- low pitted, when fully ripe are nearly smooth, black and shining.

52 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

BIXINE A.

Myroxylon Salzmannii (Clos.), Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., 44. Ex descr.

Asuncion (235 and 718). December. Pilcomayo River (1585). Janudry—May,

An interesting dicecious shrub common about Asuncion, 14-3 m. in height, armed with sharp spines. Leaves coriaceous, round or oval, often cuneate, serrate, with 2 glands on the petiole at the base of the blade. Flowers small, white, apetalous, in clusters, the staminate with 4 or 5 ciliate, ovate sepals, the peduncles and pedi- cels subtended by several ciliate bracts; stamens numerous, the fila- ments Jong, yellow, much exserted, and the anthers small, round, yellow, 2-celled, opening by slits above. Pistillate flower on an articulated pedicel, with 5 round, ciliate sepals which are persistent on the fruit. The fruit, about as large as a huckleberry, is blackish- purple when ripe. In fact, I thought it was a huckleberry when I found it. Berries very numerous, rather insipid in taste.

The spines are generally at the base of the leaves, and seem to take the place of stipules, The staminate and pistillate plants often far apart.

POLYGALE.

Polygala Areguensis, A. W. Bennett, Jour. Bot., 17, p. 201.

Pilcomayo River (944). == Balansa, 2187, Herb. Kew. Named by A. W. Bennett. ' An interesting purple-flowered species; growing on the open campo among grass. Some of the stalks are 50 cm. in height, and often twisted, several rising from the same root, frequently branched. Leaves in whorls of 5, sessile, minutely serrulate. The racemes are from 4 to 12 cm. long. The pod contains 2 light brown, hairy seeds, each with 2 flat, white caruncles one-half as long as the seeds. February.

Polygala galioides, Poir., var. asperuloides (H. B. K.), Britton. Polygala asperuloides, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., v, 403. P. galioides, var. major, A. W. Bennett, Mart. Fl. Bras., Fasc. lxiii, 29.

Near Luque (325). December. Polygala glochidata, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., v, 400.

A diminutive plant nearly hidden by the grasses on the Gran Campo, 8-10 cm. high. Flowers minute, white, on pedicels about

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 53.

1 mm. long. Leaves linear, 5 or 6 mm. long, mucronulate, in ver- ticils of 5s. Seeds very hairy, without a caruncle. Near Luque (337). Determined by A. W. Bennett. December.

CARYOPHYLLEA.

Cerastium Sellowii, ©. and S.

Buenos Aires (4). October. Pilcomayo River (921). February. = Balansa, No. 2274, Herb. Kew, in part.

I brought this plant from Kew under this name, but have since been unable to find the place of its publication.—N. L. B.

Tissa grandis (H. B. K.), Britton. Arenaria grandis, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., vi, 30 (1823). Spergularia grandis, Camb. in St. Hil. Fl. Bras., ii, 177.

Buenos Aires (3). February. Pilcomayo River (921).

I had ample opportunity to examine this plant on my Pilecomayo expedition, as it is not infrequent on the muddy banks of that river. It much resembles our common ‘‘Corn Cockle” in general appear- ance. In height it rises from one to two feet dichotomously much branched. The flowers are in irregular cymes at the ends of the branches, each on a short subulate pedicel. Calyx of 5 green sepals, membranous and white on their edges, persistent. Petals 5, white, much smaller than the sepals and hidden by them except when expanded. The 5 hypogynous stamens, opposite the petals, are on very delicate filaments, which are slightly dilated at the base. Ovary superior, 1-celled, many-ovuled, 2-4 mm. in length, increas- ing in fruit to an obtusely 3-angled, 1-celled pod a little longer than the sepals. The pod is filled with flat seeds, which lie horizontally upon each other, and have a broad, membranous wing notched on one side. The plant rises from a long, yellow tap-root.

Polycarpa australis, Britton, n. sp.

Diffuse, glabrous, much-branched, the branches ascending, terete, 20-50 em. long. Leaves verticillate, oblanceolate or oblong, obtuse, thick, entire, narrowed at the base, 2-5 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide; inflorescence dichoto- mously cymose, the flowers sessile, white, 1-2 mm. broad; bracts ovate-lanceo- late, about 2mm. long; sepals ovate, obtuse; petals entire, rounded, shorter than the sepals; stamens 3; ovary 3-angled, 1-celled; capsule membranous,

shining, ovoid, about 4 mm. long.

Banks of the Pileomayo River (933). February.

54 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

PORTULACEA.

Portulaca pilosa, L., Sp. Pl., 639. Between Villa Rica and Escoba (452). January.

Portulaca marginata, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., vi, 58. Ex deser.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (452a). January. Pileomayo River (1053). June.

Portulaca grandiflora, Hook., Bot. Mag., t. 2885.

Asuncion (278 and 59). December—J une.

This Portulaca is very common around Asuncion, often growing in the streets of the city, and abundant in the sandy soil of the environs. It varies very much, however, in the size of the flowers, often showing a corolla not larger than a dime in diameter and again 3 times as large. It is usually of a bright purple or rose tint, but sometimes yellow. Its gay-colored corolla, fully expanded in the morning sun, scattered in masses over the green sward, often tempted me into early walks while the dew still lay upon the ground.

Talinum crassifolium (Jacq.), Willd., Sp. Pl., ii, 862.

Asuncion (104and 677). = Balansa 2253. November—January.

A small branching plant 15-20 cm. high, with small terminal clusters of pretty rose-colored or sometimes yellowish-brown blos- soms. Leaves succulent, obovate, 4 or 5 cm. long, rounded at apex, and sloping at base into a short petiole. Capsule white, as large as a pea, l-celled, containing many small, black, striolate, cochleate seeds. In ordinary drying, this plant goes to fragments, and the only method by which I could preserve specimens whole, was to steep the fresh plant in boiling water.

Talinum patenms (Jacq.), Willd., Sp. Pl., ii, $63.

Asuncion (252). December. Between Villa Rica and Escoba (531). January.

Similar to the preceding species in habit. Flowers white or yel- low, in long, terminal panicles, on a leafless peduncle 10-15 em. long. Leaves all near the base of the stem, obovate, rounded or abruptly pointed at the apex, 5-12 cm. long, sloping at the base into a short petiole. Stem reaches a height of 6 dm., and the panicle 24 dm.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 55

MALVACEA.

This order is very prolific of species and individuals in Paraguay. Indeed, some of the species run so closely together that it is not easy to separate them. In a radius of 3 or 4 miles, on the Pilco- mayo River, I found no less than 12 or 15 species of the small, shrubby forms which insensibly graded into each other, and even the genera were hard to distinguish.

Malva parviflora, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 969. La Plata, Argentine Republic (37). October.

Malveopsis lateritia (Hook.), Morong. Malva lateritia, Hook., Bot. Mag., t. 3846. Malvastrum lateritium, Nicholson, Dict. Gard., 2, 319.

Caballero (403 b). January.

Malveopsis Coromandeliama (L.), Morong. Malva Coromandeliana, L., Sp. Pl., 687. Malvastrum tricuspidatum, A. Gray, Pl. Wright, ii, 16.

Asuncion (57 a); Pilcomayo River (995). November—April.

A small shrub about 6 dm. high. The fruit is striking, being a broad, flat pod of 10-12 peculiar carpels with grooves between them. A row of short, stiff hairs stands on each carpellary edge, and at the commencement of the curve of the point there are 2 minute pro- jections, the point ending in 2 similar projections, each of which is tipped with a weak spine. In the perfectly mature fruit, these rows of bairs make the carpels quite rough. Each carpel contains a sin- gle large, flat, smooth seed which perfectly fills it.

Malveopsis spicata (L.), Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., 72. Asuncion (215). December.

Sida angustifolia, Lam., Encyc., i, 4.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (454); Pilcomayo River (989). January—April. Sida carpinifolia, L., f. Supp., 307.

Asuncion (172). November.

Sida Ciliaris, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 961. Asuncion (240). December.

56 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Sida cordifolia, L., Sp. Pl., 684. Asuncion (114). November—March.

Sida dictyocarpa, Gris., Mart. Fl. Bras., xii, pt. 3, 314. Pileomayo River (956). March. Named by Edmund Baker.

Sida dictyocarpa, var. Cordobensis, E. Baker, ined. Pilcomayo River (953). February. Named by Hdmund Baker.

Sida pandiculata, L., Amen. Acad., v, 401. Asuncion (194). November.

Sida rhombifolia, L., Sp. Pl., 684. Asuncion (57); Pileomayo River (1055). November—June.

Sida spinosa, L., Sp. Pl., 683. Pilcomayo River (953a). February.

Sida urems, lL., Amen. Acad., v, 402.

Pilcomayo River (960). March.

The species of Sida here enumerated are small shrubs or suffruti- cose plants, one only, perhaps (S. wrens), being herbaceous. <As a rule, they have yellow or whitish-yellow flowers, but S. czliaris has brownish-purple, and S. paniculata lurid-purple petals. They differ in the most extraordinary manner in regard to the number of styles, the number of carpels, and other fruit characters. S. angustifolia has 5 stvles and 5 carpels, each containing a single seed which is downy and notched at the apex, the ventral summit projecting into one, sometimes two points. S. czliarzs has 8 styles and 7 carpels, the seeds somewhat irregular in shape, and the backs of the carpels covered with spine-like protuberances. §S.carpinifolia has 7 smooth earpels which run up into a combined beak at the summit, each con- taining a single seed, and two flat faces meeting in a sharp ventral edge that terminates in a sort of curved horn at the apex. S. cor- difolia has 13 one-seeded carpels, grooved on the curved back, which, with the faces, is rugose-reticulate-veiny, and beaked at the summit by two long, parallel, hispid awns that are very close together. S. dictyocarpa has 5.7 and 10 styles and 8 carpels, while its so-called var. Cordobensis has only 5 styles and 5 carpels. S. paniculata greatly differs in general appearance from its congeners, having numeroussmall lurid-purple flowers on long, naked, jointed pedicels in

:

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 57

branched panicles, 4 styles, 5, sometimes 4, carpels which are downy and destitute of awns, and seeds somewhat irregularly 3-sided and scarcely notched at the apex. 8S. rhombifolia has 10 downy carpels deeply grooved on the back, beaked at the apex by two short, smooth awns. SS. spinosa, which bears no spines in my specimens to justify the name, has 5 carpels with very short hispidly hairy awns or horns, the faces marked by parallel veins, and smooth seeds which have a minute projecting point at. the ventral apex. S. wrens, the most peculiar of all these species in its general appearance, has only 3 styles, so far as I could discover in the fresh specimens. The whole plant is clothed with long, fuscous, glandular hairs, especially the calyx, which is greatly inflated, puffing out below in 5 folds and terminating in 5 acute lobes; carpels 5, small, smooth, beaked only by two minute points; seeds smooth, irregularly 3-sided; flowers yellow, massed in close clusters at the summit of the branches. The long hairs on the edges of the folds and lobes of the calyx impart a very nettle-like aspect to the plant, from which circumstance, I sup- pose, the specific name originates.

Wissadula patenms (St. Hil.), Garcke, Zeitsch. Naturw., 1890, 123. Pileomayo River (1021). May.

Wissadula periplocifolia (L.), Presl. Reliq. Henk., ii, 117.

Asuncion (251 and 376); Pilcomayo River (990). December— April. Named by Edmund Baker.

Wissadula hernandioides (L’Her.), Giircke, in Mart. Fl. Bras. xii, pt. 3, 439.

Pilecomayo River (985). April.

Abutilon crispuma (L.), Sweet., Hort. Brit. i, 53. Pileomayo River (979). March.

15-24 dm. in height. Leaves palmately 7-10 nerved, some of them measuring 8-10 cm. in length and 6-8 cm. in breadth. Petals white, with a slight bluish tinge, delicately striped with purple, the corolla nearly 2 cm. in diameter. Fruit a bladdery pod with 10-12 carpels, each containing several seeds.

Abutilon inzquilaterumna, St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid., i, 155. Ex descr. Pilecomayo River (992). March-April.

58 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Abutilon pedunculare, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., v. 212.

Asuncion (204); Pilcomayo River (942). November—April. Named by Edmund Baker.

Malachra alceifolia, Jacq. Coll., ii, 350.

Pilecomayo River (1034). May.

A singular plant which was growing in the water of the great laguna on the Pileomayo River. Stem 1-14 m. high, beset with weak, yellowish prickles. Lower leaves ternate, 3-lobed or entire, dentate, sparsely pellucid-punctate, hairy on the nerves. Flowers lilac, in terminal clusters, 5-8 in a cluster and sessile on an invo- lucre of large, ovate, crenate, foliaceous bracts. Calyx with 5 ovate, very hairy, 3-nerved lobes, shorter than the corolla and subtended by T or 8 subulate, long-haired bracteoles. Styles 10. Ovary 5-celled, with 1 ovule in each cell. Pod 5 mm. high, and nearly 1 cm. broad across the truncate top of 5 rugose, separate carpels, each containing 1 large seed.

Pavonia Morongii, Spencer Moore, ined. n. sp.

Stem shrubby, clothed with long, white, scattered hairs and also a close down, much branched, 4-9 dm. high. Leaves cordate-ovate, pointed at the apex, unequally dentate, 5-7 palmately nerved, hairy and downy like the stem, 3-5 cm. long and 2-23 cm. wide, on petioles 15-25 cm. long. Flowers solitary on axillary peduncles 3-5 cm. long. Corolla light yellow, with a dark eye at the base inside, the eye radiating in short lines at the top. Petals obovate, rounded at the apex. Calyx muck shorter, subtended by 7-8 subu- late bracteoles 10-12 mm. long, hairy and downy like the stem. Styles and stigmas 10. Pod glabrous, depressed globose, splitting into 4 or 5 1-seeded carpels. The flowers of this plant when fully developed are very showy and beautiful. On the campus nearly the whole length of the Pileomayo.

Pilcomayo River (872, 988, and 947). January—April.

Pavonia communis, St. Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid., i, 224.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (473). January.

Stem downy with close, stellate pubescence, 4-6dm. high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 3-5 palmately nerved, dentate, stellately haired and pubescent, pellucid-dotted, rounded at base, 5-10 cm. long, on petioles 83-5 mm. long. Flowers large, dark yellow. Carpels 5, armed with 3 long, downwardly barbed teeth. Persistent sepals and bracteoles (5 or 6) longer than the pod. Styles 10.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 59

/

Pavonia sepium, St. Hil., Fl. Bras. Merid., i, 225. P. fiava, Spring, Flora, xx, Beibl. No. 2, 96.

Asuncion (473 b); between Villa Rica and Escoba (473 ec). = Mart. Herb. Flor. Bras., No. 95.

Similar to No. 473, but with taller stems, flowers smaller, on much longer peduncles, and the teeth of the carpels more slender. This frequently grows 2-3 m. high. Fruit abundant in a long, loose, terminal inflorescence, on peduncles 2—4 cm. long.

Pavonia hastata, Cav., Diss., iii, 138, t. 47, f. 2.

Caballero (428). January.

With hastate-lobed, oblong or ovate-lanceolate leaves. Flowers large and showy; petals 2 cm. long, light purple, with deeper purple stripes. Carpels very different from those of the preceding species, being flattened oval in shape, rugose-veiny, with 2 narrow wings on opposite sides and 2 gibbous points at the apex instead of the 3 long barbed teeth which are found in the other species. On the railroad track near Caballero.

Pavonia Mutisii, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., v, 283.

Asuncion (702). May. Named by Edmund Baker.

Stems 1-lj m. high, very downy, the down mixed with long white hairs. Leaves and short lateral branches numerous. Leaves broadly cordate-ovate, velvety-downy, 2-6 cm. long and 14-24 cm. wide, on short petioles. Flowers numerous, solitary on short axil- lary peduncles, or when in bud looking as if in clusters, large, light yellow, with a dark purplish eye at the base inside. This is readily distinguished by its almost glomerate leaves, branches, and flowers, and especially by its curious carpels, which are hooded and 1-horned at the apex.

In old fields and along fence rows.

Hibiscus cisplatinus, St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid., i, 194.

Asuncion (849); Pileomayo River (1016). December—April. Named by Edmund Baker.

This grows abundantly about the mouth of the Pileomayo and at the Falls. It has a stem from 14-3 m. in height, and clothed with small, hooked prickles which are slightly stinging. The corolla is very large, the petals being 5 cm. or more in length. They are —

60 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

blood-red at the base, and lighter red above, making a very showy flower. The calyx lobes have 5 green nerves upon them, alternating with as many white stripes. Staminate column with 6 or 7 rows of stamens some distance apart; anthers red, stigmas some distance above the highest row of stamens, umbella-shaped from below, and with 5 broad, downy-edged lobes. The bark of this plant strips off like flax and splits into clean, fine fibres, and could doubtless be used in making textile fabrics, certainly as good for that purpose as that of our cotton plant, which, it is said, is now used in this way.

Hibiscus furcellatus, Desr., Lam. Encyc., iii, 358. Hx descr. H. Diodon, D.C., Prod., i, 449 ?

Asuncion (682). April.

Strongly resembles H. cisplatinus, and with an equally showy flower. It is often cultivated in gardens at Asuncion. When it first opens the corolla is rose-red, but soon after fully expanding it turns a pure white.

Cienfugosia sulphurea (St. Hil.), Garcke, Bonpl., viii, 148. Fugosia Drummondii, A. Gray, Pl. Wright, 23.

Pilecomayo River (929). February.

A shrubby, smooth-stemmed plant about 3 dm. high, with a tough, thick root, and many stems springing from it, which are somewhat decumbent at the base. Corolla sulphur-yellow, with a brown eye at the base inside, about 14 cm. broad when expanded. Calyx smaller, deeply divided, the lobes lanceolate, 3-5 nerved, and they, the bracteoles, and the pods marked by rows of black dots. Bracte- oles 8. Leaves broadly ovate, palmately T-nerved, irregularly cre- nate-dentate, occasionally with small lobes, on petioles 1-2 cm. long. Capsule glabrous, 5 celled, cells 2-seeded. Peduncles 2-8 cm. long.

This occurs in Texas and also in Southern Brazil.

Gossypium maritimum, Tod., Osserv. Cot., 83.

Pilcomayo River (978). March.

The native cotton of Paraguay. It is supposed to have been originally introduced into the country, but it certainly grows now spontaneously. I found it quite abundant about the Falls of the Pilcomayo, not only in old Indian encampments, but in thickets upon the campos. There it flourishes with great vigor, growing often to the height of 2 or 8 m., sometimes bearing 10 or 15 bolls upon one stem. Although the staple of the wild plant is not as long

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 61

as that of our upland Southern cotton, yet the fibre is very fine. The seeds are much smaller than those of our cultivated cotton. I have no doubt that it would be greatly improved by cultivation, and that among an enterprising people it might become an article of great commercial importance. March—April.

Chorisia speciosa, St. Hil., Pl. Usuel., t. 43.

Asuncion (725); Pilcomayo River (1075). March—May.

One of the most remarkable trees in Paraguay, known popularly as Palo borracho, or drunken tree, from the huge belly-like protuber- ance of its trunk. The flowers, at first a pale yellow, finally become nearly or quite white, and are as large as those of a lily. The limbs are long and stand out horizontally from the trunk. The trunk and largest limbs are armed with stout spines, which have a large but- ton-shaped base, and a strong, sharp, spiny point. The inner bark, of a fine white color, strips off in long ribbons, and can be twisted into strong twine, which is used by the Indians in making fishing- lines and nets. The sap turns blood-red after being exposed to the air, and evidently contains a red coloring-matter, which might be used asa dye. The swollen trunk is often used for making canoes. One that we hewed out was capable of carrying two or three men. The wood is soft and can be cut with a penknife as easily as a raw potato, which it much resembles, very different from most of the woods of the region, which are nearly as hard as iron.

. STERCULIACEH A.

Sterculia striata, St. Hil. et Naud., Ann. Sci. Nat., II, ser. xviii, 213.

Asuncion (616). March.

A large tree from 16 to 25 m. in height, which I often saw culti- vated in gardens at Asuncion. The trunk has smooth, dark bark, with large palmately 5-lobed leaves, which have the 2 lower lobes overlapping, so as to give a peltate appearance to the leaves at first sight. The flowers appear to be polygamous, mostly staminate, and hence the fruit is scarce. The inflorescence is very glandular and quite sticky in drying. Fruit in 2 twin, divaricate pods, each of which is l-celied and several seeded. .An American gentleman, resident of Asuncion, who had the tree growing in his garden, called it the ‘“‘ Peanut tree,” though I cannot tell why, as there is nothing in the appearance or taste of the fruit like a peanut.

62 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Melochia subcordata, Morong, n. sp.

Stem about 1 m. high, stout, softly and densely fuscous hairy, simple or divergently branching at the summit. Leaves broadly ovate, subcordate, or the upper ones elliptical, unequally dentate, the teeth tipped with black points, stellately fuscous hairy on both sides, palmately 5-7 nerved, the largest col- lected 11 cm. long and 8 cm. broad at the base. Petioles 3-6 em. long. Sti- pules subulate, 3-5 mm. long, deciduous. Inflorescence branched, elongated, the flowers spicate, in interrupted glomerules. Calyx purple-tinted, hairy, with 5 acute lobes, a little more than $ as long as the corolla, subtended by 3 subulate bracteoles. Petals light purple, broad and outwardly curved at the apex, whitish and clawed at the base, 6-8 mm. long, staminate column connate with the petals below; anthers nearly sessile on the column, closely investing the style. Stigmas 5, projecting above the anthers, plumose; ovary silky hairy. Capsule obovoid, 3 mm. long, marked by small tubercles to the middle and white hairy above; seeds obtusely 3-angled, dark, puberulent.

Open places near Luque (292); railway track at Caballero (462). December—January.

Melochia Morongii, Britton, n. sp.

Erect, densely pubescent, branched, 4-6 dm. high. Stem and branches terete ; petioles terete, about 1 cm. long; leaves ovate-lanceolate ; prominently pinnately-veined, thé veins impressed on the upper surface, crenate-dentate, obtuse or obtusish at the apex, rounded at the base, 4-5 em. long, 1-15 cm. wide, pubescent on both sides; inflorescence densely capitate, terminal, and opposite the leaves, peduncles 2-4 cm. long; heads about 2 cm. in diameter ; corolla about 8 mm. long; calyx 5-lobed to beyond the middle, the lobes lan- ceolate, acuminate; capsule pyramidal, 5-angled, the 5 carpels loculicidally dehiscent, triangular, 4 mm. long, tipped with a beak of about one-half their length. ba

Asuncion (201la). November. Apparently nearest to MZ. parvi- folia, H. B. K. Melochia pyramidata, L., Sp. Pl., 774.

Asuncion (697). May.

Melochia venosa, Sw., Prod. Flor. Ind. Oc. 97. Caballero (403). January.

Melochia venosa, 5w., var. polystachya (H. B. K.), Schum., Mart. Bl. oBrasis\Xll, ot. dis Caballero (403 a); between Villa Rica and Escoba (588). January. This species is densely fuscous woolly all over. Blades of the leaves 5-8 cm. long and 1-3 cm. broad, unequally serrate; petioles

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 68

5-15 mm. long; stipules lanceolate, acute, 12 mm. long, 4 or 5 mm. broad. Flowers small, yellow, in an elongated, naked panicle. Calyx 5-lobed, the lobes 2 as long as the petals and very hairy. The variety is much more slender, much branched from the base. Leaves shorter and narrower; stipules 4 or 5 mm. long, setaceous or 1 mm. broad at the base. Inflorescence in a contracted terminal panicle, or a few flowers at the ends of the branches. Both occur- ring near Caballero and Villa Rica.

Waltheria Americana, L., Sp. Pl., 673.

Asuncion (201). November.

Waltheria communis, St. Hil., Flor. Bras. Merid., i, 123. Ex descr. Asuncion (215a). December.

Chetza Paraguayensis, Britton, n. sp.

Climbing, softly pubescent, branched, the twigs channeled. Leaves short- petioled, lanceolate, rather coriaceous, obscurely reticulate, blunt-pointed, remotely dentate near the apex or entire, glabrous above, slightly pubescent beneath, 4-6 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide; flowers in short, axillary cymes ; lamina of the petal filiform; fruit globose-ovoid, about 1 cm. in diameter, the spines conic acute, 3-4 mm. long; seed obliquely oblong, brown, smooth, rounded on the back, the sides nearly flat.

In thickets, Asuncion (288). December. Same as Balansa’s 2002. I do not use the generic name Biitineria, Leefl., because it is a homonym of Butneria, Duhamel = Calycanthus, L. N. L. B.

A singular liana which is not uncommon in the thickets around Asuncion. The stems are armed with small, recurved prickles, by means of which it climbs upon shrubs and low trees. It clings so closely to its supports that it is difficult to detach the branches. The largest leaves I found were 12 cm. in length by 5 em. broad, and often had small prickles along the midrib beneath, with a petiole 2mm.to2cm.long. Calyx monosepalous, with 5-pointed segments longer than the corolla. The whole flower is greenish-yellow in hue, and quite peculiar in appearance. The petals are flat at the base and 2-lobed, throwing up what appear to be 5 yellowish horns, which are the most conspicuous part of the flower. The capsule is normally 5-carpelled, but often several of the cells of the ovary are abortive, and not more than 2 or 8 of the ovules ripen into seeds. The fruit is down-.covered, and has a curious prickly look about it.

64 - Plants Collected in Paraguay.

TILIACE A.

Triumfetta semitriloba, L., Mant., i, 73.

Asuncion (116 and 132). November,

This Florida plant is very common in old fields around Asuncion, a rough-hairy shrub 4-6 dm. high, bearing small globular fruit beset with hooked prickles.

Corchorus hirtus, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 747.

Asuncion (1089). June.

A small, very hirsute plant, 12-15 cm. high, with long, fibrous roots. Stem simple or a little branching at base, Leaves ovate, palmately 5-nerved, hirsute, often doubly crenate-serrate, 3-5 cm. long, and 10-15 mm. wide, on hirsute petioles 7-12 mm. long. Flowers few, axillary, yellow.

Corchorus pilobolus, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol., ii, 72. Asuncion (703). May.

Luhea divaricata, Mart. et Zucc., Nov. Gen., i, 101, t. 63.

Near Escoba (604). January.

A tree 6-16 m. high, with smooth and gray bark. Young branches and inflorescence pubescent. Bracteoles 6, narrower than the sepals, tomentose. Calyx lobes 5, tomentose on the outside, glabrous and yellow onthe inside. Petals yellow, broad at the apex. Flowers large. Leaves serrate, ovate or oval, slightly and obliquely cordate, abruptly acute at the apex, dark green above, white tomen- tose beneath, nerves conspicuous beneath, 5-10 cm. long and 2-5 em. broad.

Luhea unifiiora, St. Hil., Flor. Bras. Merid., i, 226, t. 57.

Asuncion (676). April. == Balansa 2009.

A shrub or small tree 5-8 m. in height, growing in copses near Asuncion. It was only in fruit when collected, but attached to the fruit were the bracteoles, which are green and thick, longer than the fruit, linear-lanceolate, 8 or 10 in number. The fruit is a hard, pointed, 5-winged nut, green and downy, 5 cm. long and 2 em. in diameter, the spaces between the wings concave, having 5 narrow cells projecting from the centre of the nut to the edges of the wings. Remains of the petals show them to be white, and the stamens very numerous.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 65

Prockea Crucis, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 745.

Asuncion (827). November.

A shrub 2-3 m. high with brown, smooth bark. Leaves nearly glabrous and shining above, downy beneath, acuminate at the apex, narrowed and subcordate at base, serrate, the teeth with blunt cal- lous points, palmately 5-nerved, 3-10 cm. long and 23-7 em. broad, on petioles 8-15 mm. long, stipules large, lunate, toothed, amplexi- eaul. Flowers in short axillary racemes. Flowers about 5 mm. high. Calyx lobes downy, ovate, abruptly acute at the apex, re- flexed. Petals none. Stamens numerous, yellow. Ovary and young fruit downy. Lach flower is on a downy pedicel 3-10 mm. long.

The genus Prockea is referred by Hichler to the Bixinez.

ERYTHROXYLACE.

Erythroxylon microphylium, St. Hil., var. cuneifolium, Pey- ritsch., Mart. Flor. Bras., xii, pt. 1, 134.

Pileomayo River (946). February.

A straggingly-branched shrub, with light brown, very warty bark, 4 or 5 m. high, branches mostly short. Leaves cuneate, 1-15 cm. long, 5-7 mm. broad, retuse. Found only in fruit, a flattish, angled, l-seeded berry, when ripe pulpy and dark red, about 5 mm. long and 8 mm. wide. The persistent calyx has 5 ovate, acute lobes. This shrub occurs only rarely along the banks of the Pilcomayo. The ends of the branches are bare and sometimes inclined to be spinescent.

MALPIGHIACEA.

Dicella bracteosa, Gris., Linnea, xiii, 250. Ex descr.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (479). January.

A large tree. Leaves opposite, lanceolate, cuspidate, entire, glabrous and shining above, sparsely hairy beneath except on the nerves, the hairs often bicuspidate, 5-10 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, on slender petioles 6—8 mm. long, which are biglandular near the mid- dle. Flowers in terminal panicles 10-15 ecm. long. Sepals 5, oblong, 5 or 6 mm. long, silky with appressed hairs outside, whitish inside, bearing 8 large glands. Petals none. The nut is nearly 2 cm. long, obovate, covered, especially at the base, with silky, fuscous, appressed hairs, not crested and angled as described in Flor. Bras., but even,

Annas N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.—5

66 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

surmounted by the sepals and glands. The flower buds are very silky with appressed fuliginous hairs, and the branches of the in- florescence marked in the same manner.

Heteropterys angustifolia, Gris., Linnea, xiii, 223.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (487). January.

A liana climbing high among trees, shrubby, or looking like a small tree. Leaves opposite, or alternate, willow-like, linear, cuspi- date, entire, glabrous, 4-8 cm. long, and 4-8 mm. wide, on petioles bracteolate and articulate midway, 2-5 mm. long. Flowers in ter- minal corymbs 4-8 cm. long. Found only in fruit, but persistent sepals 5, oblong, with 2 glands on the outside of each, and petals 3-toothed. Fruit a samara in 2s., 2 cm. long, broadly winged.

Heteropteris Pirayuensis, Morong, n. sp.

Suffruticose. Stem terete, angled or striate below, more or less compressed and silky downy on the young branches, about 1 m. high. Leaves of a silvery hue, opposite, entire, coriaceous, ovate, subcordate, apiculate, glabrous and somewhat shining above, minutely downy beneath, often with 1 or 2 glands near the base of the blade; the largest collected 8 cm. long and 5 cm. wide. Petioles canaliculate above, eglandulose or biglandular near the apex, 5-10 mm. long. Flowers in small terminal panicles. Found only in fruit, but the persistent sepals oblong, each with 2 glands on the back. Flowers 4 in the umbel; pedicels jointed and bibracteolate above the base; bracteoles minute, obtuse. Samaras 2 together, obovate or sometimes cultriform, the wing beau- tifully purple-tinted, shining and sculptured with striz, about 2 cm. long, on slender peduncles 10-15 mm. long.

Between Pirayu and Yaguaron (672). April 8.

Heteropteris amplexicaulis, Morong, n. sp.

A liana, twining over trees for 6 or 8m. Leaves numerous, opposite, lan- ceolate, elliptical or nearly orbicular, amplexicaul, apiculate, entire, callous on the margins, glabrous, somewhat shining above, lighter colored beneath, eglandulose, 2-6 cm. long, and 15-3 cm. broad. Flowers in rather small ter- minal panicles. Calyx 4 or 5 parted, obtuse, downy, membranous and ciliate on the margin, with 8, sometimes 10 glands. Petals 4or 5, bright yellow, longer than the calyx lobes (4 or 5 mm. long), rounded at apex, unguilicate. Pedi- cels jointed and bracteolate just above the base, midway or near the apex, occasionally glandular. Ovary quite hairy, the hairs sometimes reddish. Samaras reddish-purple, 3, about 2 cm. long, pubescent below, the wing sculptured with striz, broad, crenate on the upper margin.

Asuncion (199). November—December. = Balansa 2400.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 67

Hirza pulcherrima, Morong, n. sp.

A liana, often climbing on trees for 10 or 15 m. Stem terete, glabrous or minutely appressed pubescent, especially on the young shoots and among the inflorescence. Leaves deep green, opposite, entire, ovate, rounded at base, acuminate at the apex, shining on the upper surface, pubescent when young, 5-10 cm. long, 3-6 cm. broad, usually biglandular at the base of the blade.

.Petioles 8-12 mm. long. Stipules minute, ovate, at the base of the petioles.

Flowers in terminal panicles, often over 30cm. long. Branches of the panicle opposite, spreading divaricately, 3-10 cm. long, the flowers disposed race- mosely or umbellately. Pedicels purplish, filiform, with minute bracts at the base, sometimes bibracteolate and jointed a little above the base, 8-15 mm. long. Sepals oblong, cbtuse, hairy. Petals larger, purple, unguilicate. Ovary hairy. Samara 1, broadly 3-winged, clothed with long, appressed white hairs, crested on the back, becoming more or less glabrate; wings semiorbicular, separate or partly confluent at the base, striate, a shining purplish-brown when mature, the whole in dried specimens appearing orbicu- lar and about 15 mm. in diameter. Seeds solitary in the centre of the axis of the wings. This liana is a great ornament to the woods when in flower, and its curious fruit are no less attractive.

Asuncion (626). March. = Balansa 2405.

Hirza Salzmanniana, Juss., Monog., 312.

Chaco (431). March. = Balansa 24104.

In Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse, i, 34, Prof. Chodat describes a var. glandulifera based on this number of Balansa, with the character that the leaves are biglandular at the base, with which our speci- mens agree, but Grisebach in Mart. Flor. Bras., xii, pt. 1, 99, pre- viously described a different variety under the same name, the character being that the calyx is glandular.

A liana with small panicles or corymbs of yellow flowers; petals 6 or 7 mm. long, fringed, at the rounded apex. Sepals each bi- glandular and white tomentose. Leaves glabrous or pubescent when young, lanceolate or obovate, acute or apiculate, 10-20 cm. long, and 3-7 cm. broad. Petioles white tomentose, stipuliferous and biglandular at the apex. Wings of the samara separate, cre- nate or undulate on the border, golden-brown at maturity.

Hirza macrocarpa, Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse, i, 35.

_ Asuncion (226); between the Recolleta and Luque(721). Decem- ber-May. = Balansa 2408.

This species has round-oval, apiculate or abruptly acute leaves, glabrous above, covered with long, appressed white hairs beneath, 6-12 cm. long, and 4—8 cm. broad, eglandulose or biglandular at

68 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

base of the blade. Petioles very short. Flowers few, in small panicles, yellow or sometimes purple. Calyx with 8 glands. Fruit very large, 3- sometimes 5-winged, the wings 2 by 34 cm., hairy, purple-tinged, lobed, or irregularly dentate on the margins.

Janusia Guaranitica, Juss., Monog., 350.

Asuncion (704). November—May.

A very pretty little twining shrub, common in old fields and on roadsides about Asuncion and on the Pilcomayo, often found climb- ing upon herbaceous plants and small shrubs. The 5 green sepals have each 2 bean-shaped glands on the back. Petals yellow, with long claws, large ovate blades, widely separated, and the corolla spreads open rotately in anthesis from half to three-quarters of an inch in diameter. The ovaries are 3-carpelled, each carpel becom- ing in fruit a 3-winged samara with the seeds at the base.

Janusia Barbeyi, Chodat, Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse, i, 34.

Pilcomayo River (1090). January. = Balansa 2401, Herb. Kew.

Chodat, in his brief description of this species, cites this number of Balansa in part. Our specimens appear slightly different from our no. 704, but do not altogether agree with the characters assigned by M. Chodat to J. Barbeyt.

GERANIACE A.

Tropzolum pentaphyllum, Lam., Encyc., i, 612. Buenos Aires (14). October.

Oxalis articulata, Sav., Lam. Encyce., xv, 636.

Asuncion (656). April. Flowers usually bluish-purple, sometimes white.

Oxalis corniculata, L., Sp. Pl., 435.

Asuncion (319). December.

An odd-looking little Oxalis, resembling a small clover in general appearance. It throws out runners 10 to 15 cm. long, which root at the joints, and from each joint rises a fascicle of stems and leaves. Leaves ternately or quinately pinnate, the leaflets broader than long, emarginate and ciliate. Flowers light yellow. It has a curious habit in fruit. The peduncle is about 1 cm. long, .and articulated half-way up, the joint marked by 2 small bracts. At the articula-

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 69

tion the peduncle bends sharply downwards, while the ripe pod bends sharply upwards again and thus becomes erect. It grows on the edges of the sidewalks and in the crevices of the bricks all over Asuncion. Also along the country roads, but outside of the city it attains a much larger size, with a corolla nearly 3 cm. in diameter, and the petals marked by six short purple stripes near the base inside.

Zanthoxylum Naranjillo, Gris., Symb. Flor. Arg., 76.

Asuncion (809). October.

A tall shrub 2-3 m. high, in dense thickets about Asuncion. The leaflets are minutely crenate, with a row of transparent dots, one in each crenature, and, when fresh, quite transparent along the vena- tion. Flowers white, in large, terminal cymes. The stems and the rachis of the leaves armed with stout curved spines, an ugly custo- mer to deal with.

Pilocarpus pennatifolius, Lam., Jard. Fleuriste, iii, t. 263.

Asuncion (466 and 635). February—April. = Balansa 2514, and Gibert 55.

The well-known Jaborandi, a medicinal plant of great value. The long racemes of dark, lurid flowers, sometimes 20 or 25 cm in length, are very striking. These contrast strangely with the dark green coriaceous shining foliage. The fruit is equally striking. It appears to be a large pod with a thick green shell, which dehisces on one side by 2 valves. Within appear 5 other pods, into which the 5 cells of the ovary have developed, each containing a shining black seed enclosed in a bladdery membrane that hardens in drying. A shrub about 14 m. high, with smooth stem, branches, and leaves and greenish bark, common in the thickets around Asuncion.

Helietta longifoliata, Britton, un. sp.

Glabrous. Leaves opposite; petioles 2-3 cm. long; leaflets sessile, lanceo- late or slightly oblanceolate, narrowed or cuneate at the base, 5-10 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, the margins entire, the tip inrolled into a slender, curved pro- jection about 3 mm. long; inflorescence terminal, loose, the flowers numerous, about 2 mm. broad; samaras about 1.5 cm. long, the wing oblong, twice as long as the body.

Caballero (457). January. = Balansa 2515.

A tree 8 or 10 m. in height, occurring on the hillsides near Caballero, on the road from Villa Rica to Escoba. Flowers white.

70 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

SIMARUBE A.

Picramnia Sellowii, Planch. in Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot., v, 578.

Asuncion (823). October. = Balansa 2506.

A straggling shrub 1-14 m. high, with pinnate leaves and minute, greenish flowers in long, compound, linear spikes. Leaves numer- ous, shining above; leaflets 3-4 pairs, the largest 6-7 cm. long and about 3 cm. wide.

MELIACE &.

Trichilia Cantigua, A. Juss. in St. Hil. Flor. Bras. Merid., ii, 53.

Asuncion (762); between Villa Rica and Escoba (448). January— July. = Balansa 4655 and 25382.

A tree 8-12 m. high. Leaves pinnate; leaflets 5 or 6 pairs and 1 odd one, oblong, glabrous, shining above, 6-8 cm. long, and 2-3 em. wide. Flowers 3 mm. long, creamy-white, in small, close axil- lary panicles or racemes along the branches.

Trichilia elegans, A. Juss. in St. Hil. Flor. Bras. Merid., ii, 79, t. 98.

Asuncion (834). November. = Riedel, 532, from Brazil, and Balansa, 2530.

Differs from the preceding species in having numerous small, bright green leaves, the leaflets 2-24 cm. long, 8-10 mm. wide, broader in the middle, sloping to both ends, nearly sessile, retuse or nearly truncate at the apex. Flowers minute, white, but little more than 1 mm. long, in axillary racemes; petals very deciduous, falling off at a touch. A rather smaller tree, but pueny more grace- ful, with more numerous blossoms.

Cedrela fissilis, Vell., Flor. Flum. iv, t. 68, 177.

Asuncion (629).

This tree is known all over Paraguay by the name of Cedar, although it bears no resemblance to the true cedar, except in its light, red-colored heart wood. It often attains a height of 20 m. or more, and is valued as the best cabinet-wood in the country, serv- ing almost as well for that purpose as our red cedar, and therefore worthy of the name. It has long straggling branches. The long pinnate leaves give it an elegant appearance, and the great com- pound panicles of flowers, from 4 to 6 dm. in length, are equally striking. The ill-smelling leaves and flowers, however, are not

Plants Collected in Paraguay. TL

quite so attractive as the looks. The fruit is an obovate nut, 4-5 em. in length, and 24 cm. in diameter, with a thin, greenish-white seurfy rind, looking somewhat like our butternut. It is one of the few deciduous trees in Paraguay, the fruit hanging on long after the leaves have fallen, which they do in April or May. The fruit partakes of the malodor of the leaves and flowers.

ILICINE”.

Ilex Paraguayensis, St. Hil., Mem. Mus., ix, 351.

Asuncion (636). Not in flower or fruit.

The famous Paraguay Tea or Jesuits’ Tea, or Yerba Maté, as it is variously called. It does not grow wild in eastern Paraguay, but is found only in the yerbales along the Parana River in the western districts. It is occasionally cultivated in gardens at Asuncion.

CELASTRINE #,

Maytenus ilicifolia, Mart., Fl. Bras. xi, pt. 1, 8. Lympio (735). May.

- A shrub about 2 m. high. Only in bud when collected. Flowers apparently white. Leaves ovate or oblong, coriaceous, glossy, with a callous edge and many spiny teeth on the margins, nearly sessile, 4-10 em. long, and 5 or 6 cm. wide.

Maytenus Vitis-Idza, Gris., Symb. Fl. Arg. 83.

Pilcomayo River (1049). May.

A shrub 3-5 m. high, common in the thickets on the banks of the Pileomayo. It has very thick, flabby leaves, almost circular in shape, so heavy that the shrub is bent nearly to the ground under their weight. Flowers small, yellowish-green, in small clusters along the branches. Fruit an oval, red berry, very scarce.

RHAMNEA.

Sageretia elegams (H. B. K.), Brong.

Pileomayo River (907). February. = Balansa 2420.

A shrub 3-5 m. high, with smooth light-colored bark. Leaves on short petioles, opposite, ovate, coriaceous, serrulate, glabrous, shining, acute, 4-8 cm. long, and 144 em. broad, the nerves beneath prominent. Found only in fruit. Berry on a short pedicel, nearly

72 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

as large as a pea, red when ripe, 3-angled. This shrub is armed, at least below, with stout, straight spines.

Retanilla?

Pilecomayo River (913).

Known to the natives as the Jacaranda or Caranda, a tree with a trunk about 20 cm. thick and 10 or 12 m. high. A striking object in the woods. I found it without flowers or fruit. The whole head presents the appearance of chevaux-de-frise, being composed, appa- rently, of long, stout spines, 8-25 cm. in length, thickened in the middle and very sharp at the apex. These are really the branches. Leaves reduced to 2 or 3 minute scales at the base of the branches, very caducous. The trunk has a dark shaggy bark, and the heart- wood is bluish-black, densely hard, with a small ring of white wood next to the bark.

We suppose this to be a Retanilla, but Mr. N. E. Brown, of Kew, doubts that it belongs to that genus.

Gouania tomentosa, Jacq., Amer., 263.

Asuncion (644). April.

A tendril climber, clambering in dense masses over shrubs and small trees in thickets in the vicinity of Asuncion. Flowers white, in long, slender, supra-axillary spikes, very conspicuous. Fruit a globular, slightly 3-angled, fuscous-hairy capsule, 3-celled, with 3 large, flat seeds, one in each cell.

AMPELIDEA.

Vitis palmata (Poir.), Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras., xiv, pt. 2, 216.

Asuncion (138); Pilcomayo River (1091). Flower November ; fruit May. An interesting vine which J found climbing upon trees and fences in the neighborhood of Asuncion, and afterwards upon shrubs in the great lacuna on the Pilcomayo River. It has deeply divided palmate leaves. Flowers small, wax-like, yellowish-brown, in umbel-like clusters. Fruit a pear-shaped, purple berry, 1-celled, l-seeded. Exceedingly hard to preserve, as the leaves and flower clusters will disintegrate in spite of all endeavors. I never could keep one of those collected about Asuncion, although I tried repeat- edly to press them, but for some reason had no difficulty with those of the Pileomayo region.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 13

Vitis sicyoides (L.), Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras., xiv, pt. 2, 202.

Asuncion (287). December.

A tendril climber which clambers very high over tall trees. The lower part of the stem appears twin, as it has a deep channel in the middle which seems to divide it into two parts, while the branches are merely angled or grooved. Leaves deltoid, cordate at base, with a broad sinus and rounded lobes, sharply serrate, smooth on both sides, on petioles 2-4 cm. long. Flowers small, waxy-yellow. Fruit a l-celled berry, containing 2 flat seeds which lie parallel with each other across the cell, the sharp side uppermost.

SAPINDACE A.

Serjania fuscifolia, Radlk. Mon. Serj. 221.

Asuncion (772). May—June.

A liana with sulcate, fuscous-downy stem. Leaves biternate or triternate, on long fuscous-downy petioles; leaflets ovate, doubly serrate, nearly glabrous above and fuscous-downy beneath. Ra- cemes much longer than the leaves; rachis fuscous-downy, axillary, the lower part naked and 8-10 cm. long, the upper flowering part of the same length. Flowers small, white. Fruit not seen. Ten- drils at the base of the flowers.

Serjania glabrata, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., v, 110.

Asuncion (625). March. = Gibert 1036.

A liana 4-8 m. high. Differs from the preceding species in having glabrous stems, only the young branches being puberulent. Leaf- lets. glabrous, lobed or with a few large teeth. Fruit a 3-winged samara, the wings confluent at the base, in dried specimens when the lobes are pressed together looking cordate-ovate, 2-24 cm. long, and 13-2 cm. broad. The wings are membranous and glabrous, each bearing at the apex a globose seed nearly as large as a pea.

The flowers are on longer peduncles than in no. 772, and in panicled racemes at the top of the stem, instead of heing in solitary racemes among the leaves as in that; racemes much shorter.

Serjania meridionalis, Camb. in St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid., i, t. 76.

Asuncion (625b). March. Found only in fruit, which is much smaller than that of no. 625, the wings yellowish-brown when mature and striate, the samara in

74 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

the dried specimens being about 14 cm. long, and as wide or wider at the base. |

Cardiospermum Halicacabum, L., Sp. Pl., 366.

Asuncion (650). April. Pilcomayo River (891). January.

Cardiospermum grandifiorum, 6w., Fl. Ind. Occ., ii, 698. (C. velutnum, H. and A.)

Asuncion (238). December.

A liana climbing by tendrils. Stem striate, angled, pubescent, becoming glabrate with age. Leaves ternate or biternate; rachis 2-4 cm. long. Leaflets ovate, 2-25 cm. long, and 14-34 cm. wide, pubescent beneath, crenate-serrate or lobed, the teeth and lobes mucronate or with a callous point. Flowers white, 7 or 8 mm. high, numerous, in small corymbose clusters. Common peduncle 5-7 cm. long, striate, hirtulose. Tendrils twin at the summit of the peduncle under the flowers. Pod ovoid, 4 or 5 em. long, 2-24 em. broad in the middle, pubescent, a light yellow when fully mature.

Paullinia elegans, Camb., St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid.

Asuncion (153, 387 and 764); Trinidad (737); Pilcomayo River (916 and 1092). November—J une.

A climbing vine, running over shrubs and tall trees with coriace- ous, shining, pinnate leaves, the pinne of 2 pairs and one odd leaflet. Flowers white, small, in axillary racemes, 8-10 cm. in length, on long peduncles. The stem is that of a strong, woody liana, with the tendrils generally two, at the base of the leaves. The fruit is the most conspicuous part of the plant, consisting of numerous bright red berries, as large as a cranberry, containing 3 shining black seeds, which are enveloped, like those of Euonymus, in a - white, mealy aril that covers about one-half of the seed. The juice, though scanty, is milky, showing more clearly in the unripe fruit than in the stems.

Paullinia pinnata, L., Sp. Pl., 366.

Asuncion (373); Pilcomayo River (892). January.

This Paullinia differs from the preceding species in having winged petioles, pear-shaped and obtusely 3-angled fruit, with tendrils both -on the stem and at the ends of the peduncles, the whole plant very giabrous. Leaflets oblong, with a few large obtuse teeth. Pedun- cles 8-10 cm. long.

Plants Collected in Paraguay 75

Schmeidelia edulis, Camb. in St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merdi.

Asuncion (844). October.

A shrub with smooth dark-gray bark, covered with white dots, 13-2 m. high. Leaves ternate; common petiole about 2 em. long, downy; leaflets elliptical, glabrous above, downy on the veins be- neath, pointed at either end, sessile or subsessile, irregularly serrate above, the largest collected 44 cm. long and 24cm. wide. Found only in fruit. Berries small, red, in small axillary clusters, on peduncles 12 mm. to 2 cm. long.

Cupania vernalis, Camb. in St. Hil. Fl. Bras. Merid.

Asuncion (752). June. = Balansa 2473.

A tree with dark-grayish bark, smooth or somewhat fissured be- low, fuscous-downy on the young shoots, 10-15 m. high. Leaves alternate, pinnate; petioles 2-7 cm. long; petiolules very short; leaflets 5—7 pairs, oblong, rounded at the apex and base, the largest collected 10-12 cm. long and 3 or 4 cm. wide, serrate, shining above, a little downy on the prominent veins beneath. Flowers small, white, or greenish-white, in axillary compound racemes, the rachis and sepals downy. Flowers fragrant. Common name as given to me by a native Paraguayan, Petato.

Thouinia Paraguayensis, Britton, n. sp.

A stout, climbing, tendril-bearing vine, the young twigs densely and finely pubescent, angular. Leaves 3-foliolate; petioles 3-4 cm. long; leaflets stalked, thick, densely and finely pubescent beneath, glabrate above, broadly ovate, truncate but decurrent on the petiole,.obtuse at the apex, remotely serrate, 3-4 cm. long, and about as wide; flowers minute, in subglobose, com- pound cymes; cymes axillary, peduncled; samaras 3, 3 cm. long, the wing obliquely obovate, twice as long as the seed.

Road to Lambare in thickets (625a). May.

Melicocca lepidopetala, Radlk., Sitz. Akad. Mun., 1878, 344.

Asuncion (817).

A large tree from 10 to 18 m. in height, often planted as a shade tree about dwelling-houses in Asuncion, for which it is well adapted by its numerous branches and crowded, evergreen leaves. The native name, as it was spelled to me by a Guarani scholar is Ibapobo, pronounced in English, as nearly as it can be represented, ivapuyu. It bears one of the most highly esteemed native fruits, which are often sold in the Asuncion market. This is about the size of a

76 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

plum, globular, with a thick, leathery rind, and a sweet, mucilagi- nous pulp that adheres closely to the seed. The meat is quite pleasant to the taste, but slightly astringent, and one may suck the pulp-covered seed as though it were a soft gum. The seeds are large, oval, with a soft shell, one, sometimes two, in the drupe. Parodi (Not. Pl. Us. de Corrientes y Paraguay, p. 54) states that the leaves are medicinal, and used in decoctions for mucous fluxes, owing their properties to an essential oil contained in the vesicular glands, which look like transparent dots, and to an astringent tonic principle which all the tissues contain. Flowers in September ; ripe fruit in December.

Sapindus Saponaria, L., Sp. Pl., 367.

Asuncion (722). Mav.

In Paraguay this is a small tree 5-7 m. in height. Found only in fruit. The berries numerous, fleshy, greenish-yellow, about as large as marbles.

ANACARDIACE A.

Schinus lenticifolius, L., in March. Anac., 164.

Near Jaguaron (668). == Balansa 2523 a.

A small shrub about 1 m. in height, in large patches upon the open campo. ‘The red, capsular fruit, about as large as peas, look almost exactly like those of the pepper tree (Schinus molle). The fruit has a thin, brittle shell, which easily crushes between the fingers, and contains a single, flattish seed covered with angles and grooves. In fruit April 8.

Duvaua dependens (Ort.), Kunth, Dict. Sci. Nat., Livr. 47. La Plata, Arg. Republic (28). October.

Duvaua spinosa (Engler), Britton. Schinus spinosus, Engler, in Mart. Fl. Bras., xii, pt. 2, 388, t. 81, f. 2.

Pilcomayo River (952). March.

A shrub 5 or 6 m. in height, and a great nuisance about our camp, as its short, stiff, stub-like branches are armed with sharp thorns, and when cut down it was impossible to burn it or to put it to any use. It seems to be all branches, as the leaves are few and quite small. The flowers are small, white, polygamo-diccious,

scattered along the branches, and looking much like those of our |

Plants Collected in Paraguay. ee

Ilex verticillata. The fruit consists of a small, nearly globular berry, blackish-purple when ripe, containing a single seed which is flattish and irregularly grooved on the sides, and having a slight aromatic taste. When fully mature, the rind becomes dry and crushes into thin fragments under pressure.

I tried for several nights in succession to make a bonfire of a heap of these shrubs which our peons had cut down, and though every other shrub and tree in the region would burn readily, this was scarcely scorched.

Quebrachia Morongii, Britton, n. sp.

A large tree. Leaves simple, oblong, thick and coriaceous, entire, pale, reticulate-veined, obtuse at each end, mucronulate at the apex, 3-5 cm. long, 1.5-2 em. wide, glabrous, petioles 3-5 mm. long, staminate flowers rather numerous, in small panicles ; calyx campanulate, glabrous, about 1 mm. long, 5-lobed nearly to the middle, the lobes ovate-oblong, obtuse ; petals 5, oblong, obtuse, apparently white with a green midrib, entire, about 3 times as long as the calyx, recurved at least when dry, slightly imbricated ; disc annular, 5-lobed, elevated ; stamens 5, alternate with the petals, inserted just outside the disc; filaments short, thickened below ; anthers about the length of the filaments, versatile, 2-celled, the cells longitudinally dehiscent; pistil none in the single flower examined ; fertile flowers not seen; samara oblong, slightly falcate, glabrous, 2-3 em. long, the seed-bearing, lower portion rugose.

This description is drawn from the flowers of Mr. J. Graham Ker’s No. 55, kindly sent me by Mr. N. E. Brown, of Kew, and the fruit of Dr. Morong’s No. 914, both from the Pileomayo River. The species differs from all the other described ones of the genus in its simple leaves. In the others they are pinnate.—N. L. B.

Known universally in Paraguay as Quebracho colorado. Que- bracho or axe-breaker, as the Spanish word imports, is a very suit- able name, for the wood is almost as hard as iron. The tree grows to the height of 20 or 25 m., and 1-14 m. in diameter at the base.

It is found all through the Chaco territory in Paraguay, along the Pileomayo River, on which these specimens were gathered, and down the Paraguay River nearly to Corrientes in the Argentine Republic. It is extensively used for building purposes, forming solid logs which make admirable beams for bridges and other struc- tures in which great strength is required. It is almost indestruc- tible by time and weather. I saw doors made of the wood 150 years old, and they seemed as sound as ever. In the ruins of the churches in the old Jesuit Missiones in eastern Paraguay there are

78 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

beams of this wood still standing, which are at least 250 years of age. The wood is so heavy that it sinks in water like lead, and it is almost impossible to cut it with a knife. In an attempt to bore it with a common gimblet, I twisted the handle off before I had penetrated the wood half an inch. The tree is stocky, somewhat resembling the English elm in appearance, with a rough, shaggy, grayish bark. The wood is ground up in Paraguay and used for tanning purposes. The samaras are of a beautiful glossy red color. The foliage is usually covered with gray usnea-like lichens, the branches thick and bearing strong spines, so that it cannot be regarded as a very handsome tree, although invaluable in those regions as timber.

LEGUMINOS &.

Crotalaria anagyroides, H. B. K., Nov. Gen. vi, 404.

Gran Chaco (875). January.

Fruticose, 3-6 dm. high. Stems branched, striate, fuscous-pubes- _ cent. Leaves ternate, on petioles 3-10 cm. long; leaflets obovate or elliptical, entire, pubescent, varying greatly in size, from 2 to 8 cm. long, and 6 mm. to 24 cm. wide. Flowers yellow, in terminal racemes. Pods pubescent, 2-24 cm. long.

Crotalaria incana, L., Sp. Pl., 716. Asuncion (225); Pilcomayo River (1093). December—A pril.

Medicago denticulata, Willd., Sp. Pl., iii, 1414. Buenos Aires (1). October.

Indigofera Anil, L., Mant., 272.

Asuncion (205). November—December.

This well-known plant of the Kast Indies was formerly cultivated largely in Paraguay for the manufacture of indigo, and is still used to some extent for that purpose. It has become quite extensively naturalized in the country.

Indigofera gracilis, Bong. in Ann. Nat. Hist., iii, 431.

Caballero (407). January. = Balansa 1568.

This species differs from the preceding in having simple linear leaves, few and scattered, 3-6 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide. The flowers are purple, in long terminal spikes. A slender plant 3-5 dm. in

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 19

height, growing upon the open campo. It has a stout, shrubby root.

Indigofera sabulicola, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 1, 40.

Asuncion (185). November.

A small plant with thick, hard root, prostrate or ascending on sandy soil. The small flowers are purple in color, in close heads, or, when more developed, opening into short spikes. Leaves pin- nate; leaflets cuneate or spatulate, retuse, mucronulate, 6-12 mm. long, 3-6 pairs and an odd one. Pods hairy, 13-15 mm. long. Many in dense terminal clusters.

Cracca cinerea (L.), Morong. Galega cinerea, L., Ameen. Acad., v, 403. Tephrosia cinerea, Pers., Syn., ii, 329.

Between Paragua and Luque (856). November—December.

A small shrub 15-30 cm. high, irregularly branching, with a tough, woody root, growing in dry soil. Flowers purple, downy, quite large for the plant, the petals 1-2 cm. in length. Leaflets 4-6 pairs and an odd one, pubescent, obovate, 10-18 mm. long, mucronate. Pods pubescent or glabrate, 3-5 cm. long, solitary or 1—4 in a cluster.

Sesbania exasperata, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., vi, 534.

Pileomayo River (934).. February—A pril.

A tall shrub-like, glabrous, much-branched plant, 2-25 m. in height. Flowers light yellow, in short racemes on very long, naked, pendent peduncles. Leaflets 25-30 or more. Fruit in a long, loose panicle at the ends of the stem and branches, consisting of an elon- gated, narrow pod (often 25 cm. in length and only 4 mm. broad), with a sharp pointed apex and from 40 to 50 cross-partitioned cells, which contain as many small, square, flattish yellow seeds. When fully ripe, the leaves fall off and leave the plant covered with these long, pendent pods, thus imparting to it a very striking appearance. As the lower branches are the largest, the general outline is conical. The stem has a large pith in the centre, and the wood is soft. Not uncommon on the banks of the Pilcomayo.

Sesbania marginata, Benth., Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 1, 43.

Asuncion (621). February—March. A cassia-like looking shrub, 24-3 m. in height, common on the low lands around Asuncion. The flowers, which are quite hard to

80 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

eatch, are very fugacious, small, yellow. The most peculiar thing about the plant is the fruit. This, notwithstanding the early dis- appearance of the flower, is quite abundant, and hangs on for several months. It consists of a 4-sided pod from 3 to 7 cm. in length, with 3-6 cross septa, containing as many oblong beans, each of which is imbedded in a light, greenish, dryish pulp. When dry the pods are sharply angled, and the angles corky. From 4 to 7 pods hang from a single peduncle. The stipules are even more fugaci- ous than the petals, dropping off before the leaf is half developed.

/#schynomene falcata, D.C., Brod., ii, 322.

Caballero (400). January.

Stems very slender, almost setaceous, striate, pubescent, 5 or 6 dm. high, branched, erect or ascending. Leaves pinnate, on petioles 2-4 mm. long; leaflets 3-5 pairs, obovate, entire, sessile, mucronu- late, minutely pubescent, about 5 mm. long. Flowers | or 2, diver- gent, at summit of the branches, yellow, on a common setaceous axillary peduncle, 2-3 em. long, and jointed and bracteolate in the middle. Loments 5-jointed, glabrous.

/Eschynomene Montevidensis, Vog. Linnea, xii, 83.

Luque (310). December.

A shrub 25-3 m. high, with glabrous, glaucous stems. Leaves scarcely 2 cm. long, with 20-30 pairs of minute, crowded, mucro- nate leaflets, minutely pellucid-punctate. Flowers bright yellow, in Jong, lax, nearly naked panicles. Loments glabrous, 3-10 jointed, callous margined on either side, 2-5 em. long.

fEschynomene sensitiva, Sw., Fl. Ind. Occ., iii, 1256.

Asuncion (191). November.

A shrub 1-14 m. high. Stems terete, striate, glabrous below, often hirsute and glandular on the young branches. Leaves with 10-20 pairs of pinne; leaflets crowded, 5-8 mm. long, oblong, mucronulate. Petioles about 5 mm. long, clothed with dark glands. Stipules greenish-purple, membranous, somewhat lunate, produced into flaps at the base, acute, fugacious. Flowers yellow, the petals striped with reddish or purplish veins. Sepals ciliolate, with dark glands on the margins. Loments 3—4 cm. long, callous margined, with 6-8 joints. Branches of this plant alternate, nearly erect, very short, 3—4 cm. apart.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 81

Discolobium pulchellum, Benth., Ann. Mus. Vind., ii, 106. Gran Chaco (377). January. = Balansa 1527.

Stylosanthes Guianensis, Sw., Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., 1789, 296.

Asuncion (255); Caballero (399 b). December—Janvuary.

A suffruticose plant with strong ligneous roots, prostrate, ascend- ing or erect, 1-5 dm. high. Stems terete, hirsute, with long, spread- ing, yellow hairs. Leaves ternate, on petioles 5-15 mm. long. Leaflets linear-lanceolate, entire, or with minute spiny serratures or ciliz, spine-tipped, nearly sessile, with strong white ribs, the midrib hirsute, 15-25 mm. long, and 3-5 mm. broad. Stipules connate with petioles for half their length, 3-5 nerved, more or less hirsute, tipped with 2 hirsutely haired, stout awns. Flowers in close heads, small, yellow; bracts 3-pronged, hirsute or pubescent, looking much like the stipules. Pods flattish, with a long curved beak, many specimens, at least, containing only a single seed.

The variety in my specimens has much fewer leaves, narrower and longer (2—4 cm. long), and only pubescent bracts, but perhaps it is not the var. gracilis of Vogel. It seems, however, to vary decidedly from the type.

Stylosanthes Guianensis, Sw., var. gracilis (H. B. K.), Vog. Lin- nea, xii, 66.

Caballero (399). January.

Arachis prostrata, Benth., Trans. Lin. Soc., xviii, 159.

Near Villa Rica (187). January.

A small prostrate shrub, with tough, woody roots which run deep in sandy soil, and stems 3 dm. or more in length. It has a bright yellow flower with a large spreading standard, the keel with its parts coalescing so as to show hardly any lines of division, solitary on peduncles 3-8 cm. long. Leaves with 2 pairs of pinne, which are oblong or obovate, mucronulate, the veins resembling those of some species of clover, parallel and running from the midrib at an angle of 45° to the margin. It flowers very freely, but seldom shows any fruit. Common in old fields all the way from Asuncion to Villa Rica. November—January.

Zornia diphylia (L.), Pers., var. gracilis (D.C.), Benth., Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 1, 83. Gran Chaco (361); Caballero (898 a). December—January.

Stem slender, 3-5 dm. in height, from tough, woody roots, Annats N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Dec. 1892.—6

82 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

minutely silvery dotted. Leaves binate, that is with a pair of linear, divaricate leaflets at the end of the petiole, but so few that the stem appears almost naked. Stipules peculiar, being acute, striate, and attached in the middle, that is with a flap below the point of attachment nearly as long as the upper part. Flowers in terminal spikes, each under a pair of bracts which are just like the stipules. Standard large, purple and yellow, with deeper purple stripes. Calyx of 5 segments, one of which is larger than the rest and ciliate hairy. Fruit a loment of 7 or 8 joints, each joint covered

with prickles.

Zornia diphylia (L.), Pers., var. latifolia (D.C.), Benth., 1. ¢c., 81.

Caballero (398). January. This form is quite leafy, the leaflets ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 em. or

more long, and 5-14 mm. broad. The delicate yellow flowers are nearly hidden by a pair of large, oval, striate bracts.

Meibomia albiflora (Salzm.), Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., i, 97.

Asuncion (105 a). November—December.

This genus, so far aS my experience goes, is very poorly repre- sented in Paraguay. The species here noted has a very slender prostrate puberulent stem, 3-34 dm. long. Leaflets round-ovate or ovate, 3-5 em. long and 14-33 cm. wide, sparsely hairy. Flowers pale rose color. Stipules free, cordate, lanceolate, very acute, strongly nerved, Loment 1—4 cm. long, of 2-7 very hairy joints.

Meibomia barbata (L.), Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., 195.

Caballero (408). January.

Stem erect, much branched, very downy, 3-6 dm. high. Leaf- lets obovate, rounded, and retuse at the apex, glabrous above, pubes- cent beneath, 2-3 cm. long and 1—2 em. or a little more in breadth. Stipules longer than in No. 105 a, lanceolate, acuminate, striate. Flowers small, rose-colored, in glomerate spikes or heads. Calyx woolly. Bracts like the stipules.

Meibomia cuneata (H. and A.), Kuntze, 1. c., 197.

Asuncion (159); Pilecomayo River (937). November—February. This plant, which grows in old fields around Asuncion, 1-14 m. in height, occurs also on the campos along the Pilecomayo, where it attains a height of 8m. The flowers are rose-colored, in great masses

+

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 83

at the top of the stem, and so great is the weight of the flowers and fruit at maturity that they almost bend the stalk to the ground. Stem much branched at the top, covered with a thick down, striate, stiff and hard. Flowers small, bluish-purple.

Meibomia supina (Sw.), Britton. Hedysarum supinum, Sw., Fl. Ind. Occ., ili, 1264. Hedysarum incanum, Sw., 1. c., 1265, not Thunb. Desmodium incanum, D.C., Prod., ii, 332.

Asuncion (105). November.

Cruminium Virginianum (L.), Britton, Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl., xviii, 269.

Asuncion (1lla). November.

Erythrina Crista-Galli, L., Mant., 99.

Luque (291). December—June.

Known in Paraguay as Ceibo. A shrub or small tree from 3 to 8m. in height, common in wet grounds and along watercourses, much resembling our Tupelo in general appearance. Trunk, limbs, and petioles armed with small but strong hooked spines. The showy flowers are in terminal racemes, conspicuous not only for their bright red color but also for their curious elongated boat-shape, each of them mounted on a reddish-purple pedicel. The standard is nearly 6 cm. in length, emarginate, oval, with an open fold or curled pro- jecting part on each side at the base, the edges slightly cohering over the other parts of the flower when young, but slightly spread- ing with age; keel undivided, closing over the stamens and style; laterals hidden under the large standard, each with 2 teeth, 1 tooth much larger than the other. Fruit a cylindrical, smooth pod, often 20 or 25 em. in length, containing from 15 to 20 smooth, polished, bluish, slightly curved seeds. This tree is sometimes cultivated in gardens at Asuncion, but does not do so well as in the wild state. The bark of the trunk is thick and corky below, and sometimes employed as cork. I was informed by natives that a decoction of it was regarded as a good remedy for throat affections.

Galactia tenuiflora (Willd.), W. and A., Prod., i, 206.

Lympio (730). May. The specimens collected show a slender twining vine which climbs over shrubs for 3 m.or more. Stems glabrous or pubescent. Leaf-

84 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

lets ovate, entire, glabrous above, appressed pubescent beneath, obtuse at either end, 2-4 cm. long and 1-14.cm. wide. Peduncles usually longer than the petioles. Corolla light yellow. Pod pubes- cent, 4 or 5 cm. long.

Dioclea refllexa, Hook., f. Fl. Nigr., 306.

Caballero (472). January.

A liana with stems almost as large as cables, clambering over trees 12-16 m. in height, and overpowering them with its multi- tude of branches. It bears large spikes of magnificent bluish-pur- ple flowers, but unfortunately the flowers, as well as the leaves, drop off in the process of drying, so that herbarium specimens afford but a very faint idea of the inflorescence as seen in its native woods. The fruit is a large silky fuscous-hairy legume.

Canavalia ensiformis (L.), D.C. Prod., ii, 404. C. gladiata, D.C., 1. ¢.

Asuncion (639 and 694). March—May.

A liana with a stout, strong stem, climbing over shrubs and trees 6-10 m. in height. Flowers in axillary racemes, yellow and pur- ple, quite showy. The standard is a large, long, twisted body, curiously convolute and lobed; keel tubular, closed around the stamens and style, with a somewhat enlarged base, closely coiled up and 8 or 10 cm. in length. Fruit a narrow, sharp-pointed pod from 10-20 cm. in length, or often a ponderous bean-like pod, 25 cm. long and 3 or 4 cm. broad, flat, with 2 sharp, longitudinal angles near the top, concave in the centre, and containing from 10 to 20 small seeds lying crosswise and separated by thick partitions.

Phaseolus campestris, Mart.; Benth., Ann. Mus. Vind., ii, 141.

Pilcomayo River (904). February—March.

Reminding me of the sweet pea in looks, but with a flower much inferior to that in beauty. Twining about small plants and bushes. Stems and petioles fuscous-hairy. Flowers yellow, two or three together, on a hairy peduncle about 20 em. in length, the standard round, emarginate, spreading, 1-2 cm. high. Fruit a fuscous-hairy pod, 5 or 6 cm. long and 5 mm. wide, containing 7 or 8 black, smooth, irregularly shaped seeds marked with the white scar of the hilum. This pea was very abundant about our camp on the Pilcomayo River.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 85

Phaseolus erythroloma, Mart.; Benth. in Ann. Mus. Vind., ii, 141.

Asuncion (198); Pilcomayo River (993). November—April.

Stems stout, soft hairy, running over the ground or twining about herbs and shrubs. Leaflets of the ternate leaves rhomboidal, velvety downy. Just above each leaf is a conspicuous whorl of green, downy, subulate bracts, about 1 cm. in length. Flowers on peduncles 30 cm. in length, the lateral petals spreading, very dark reddish-purple, imparting that hue to the corolla; standard green- ish, much smaller than the laterals. Fruit a hairy pod containing 18 or 20 lenticular seeds, shining, mottled black and pale yellow, marked with a white hilum scar. I found this at Asuncion in fields and pastures, and in thickets on the Pileomayo climbing upon shrubs 5m. high.

Phaseolus Truxillensis, H. B. K., Nov. Gen., vi, 451.

Asuncion (127, 695, 778, and 778a). November—June.

Twining about herbs and shrubs. Flowers 1—2 cm. high, purple and yellow; standard large, roundish, emarginate; wings obovate and beautifully striped with purple. At the base of each leaflet is a flat, thick gland. Fruit a heavy pod 12 cm. in length and about 1 em. wide, containing from 8 to 15 flattish seeds, undivided by septa. The whole plant is clothed with thick, fuscous hairs. Very variable in size and length of the stems, hairiness, and especially in the size of the leaflets. In some specimens the leaflets are lanceo- late with subhastate lobes at the base, 3-4 cm. long and 15-18 mm. wide, in others they are rhombic-ovate, 12 cm. long and 8 cm. wide. At times the stem and leaves are nearly glabrous. At times the pod is much smaller than the dimensions given above and scantily pubescent.

Phaseolus prostratus, Benth., var. angustifolius, Benth., Mart. FI. Bras., xv, pt. 1, 192.

Caballero (414). January.

Phaseolus rufus, Mich., Mem. Soc. Genéve, xxviii, No. 7, 29?

Caballero (406). January.

A small twining plant, often trailing, in fields. The flowers are white or a very pale yellow. Leaflets round or oval, 2 cm. long or less. Not seen in fruit.

86 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Rhynchosia Balanse, Mich., l. c., 31.

Asuncion (646); railway track near Caballero (486). January— April. “== Balansa, 1513." == Giberwloz2:

Rhynchosia melanosticta, Gris., Pl. Lorentz, 76. Asuncion (724). May.

Rhynchosia Texana, T. andG., Fl. N. A., i, 687.

Pilcomayo River (1023). May.

The Rhynchosias here enumerated are small shrubbyish plants, often with declining or prostrate stems, and racemes of yellow flowers. Fruit a small pod with several flattish seeds. Except R. Texana, which is twining or creeping, flowers a pale yellow, very small, solitary or 2 or 3 together in axillary clusters. Fruit a flat pod, 1 cm. long, containing a single seed. They all grow in dry soil.

Pterocarpus Michelii, Britton, n. sp.

Twigs elabrous. Leaves pale, petioled, 9-12 cm. long, 5-7 foliolate; leafiets stalked, broadly oblong, oval or slightly ovate, finely reticulated, rather thick, entire, rounded or truncate at the base, obtuse at the apex, 4-7 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide; raceme dense, 10-15 cm. long, about 3 cm. thick, the rachis, pedi- cels, and calyx densely and finely pubescent with brown hairs; pedicels 4-5 mm. long; calyx oblique about 6 mm. long; corolla yellow, about twice as long as the calyx; legume glabrous, rugose, narrowly winged on one side, 3-4 cm. long and nearly as wide, about 1 cm. thick.

Gran Chaco, opposite Asuncion (379). January.

The same as Balansa’s 1497, collected near the same place, and provisionally referred by M. Micheli to P. Rohriz, Vahl.

A fine large tree from 13 to 20 m. in height, with a branching, wide- spread head, and many shoots rising from the base. Covered at the time of my visit with racemes of bright yellow blossoms, which made it very conspicuous from a distance.

I visited this tree and others in the vicinity later in the season in the hope of getting fruit, but all of them were barren. The fruit described above is from Balansa’s specimen.

Bergeronia sericea, Mich., 1. c., 39.

Asuncion (285, 363 and 811). October-December.

An unarmed, stragglingly-branched shrub or small tree 3-10 m. in height. Bark gray, smooth or warty. Leaves unequally pin-

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 87

nate, with 5—T pairs of leaflets. Flowers in racemes 8-10 em. long, bluish-purple. Legume pluricelled, 2-8 cm. long and 6 or 7 mm. wide, grayish-downy, containing 1-6 long yellowish beans marked by the hilum, which is surrounded by a large aureole. This tree occurs in the Chaco, opposite Asuncion, and east of the city in open grounds.

Geoffroya striata (Willd.), Morong. Robinia striata, Willd., Sp. Pl., iii, 1132 (1803). Geoffroya superba, H. and B., Pl. Aiquin., ii, 69, t. 100 (1809).

Pilecomayo River (888). January—April.

This is one of the most noticeable trees on the Pilcomayo. It sometimes attains a height of 13 m., with long, horizontal branches stretching out over the river, on the borders of which it grows. Bark rugged and dark colored, the wood very hard, not good for timber, as it is knotty and seldom over 10 or 15 cm. in diameter. Flowers in small axillary racemes, yellow, and leguminous in struc- ture. This would hardly be supposed from the fruit, which is not a legume, but a drupe or stone-fruit. When fully ripe, this is from 25 to 4 cm. in length, flattened-oval in shape, with a green, rather thick downy husk or rind, which turns yellowish when mellow, enclosing a thin, sweetish, edible pulp. The seed is a hard-shelled nut, nearly as large as the fruit, irregularly grooved. This con- tains a kernel which is much like an almond in shape and color. We tried roasting these stones in the fire, and found the meat quite pleasant to the taste. This in all probability gives the popular name to the tree, ‘‘ Mani de los Indios” or Indian peanut, as it certainly has little resemblance to the peanut in any other respect.

The plant is curiously intermediate between the Leguminose and the Rosacex, in all respects belonging to the former by its flowers and to the latter by its fruit. The stones, however, do not dehisce along the edges as in the peach, but along the middle of the two flattish sides. It might well be regarded as belonging to a distinct order from the Leguminose. So far as the leaves are concerned, they might belong to either family. This tree was very abundant ‘upon the part of the Pilcomayg between the Junta and the Falls, and we often gathered the fruit. I found only a few flowers, as we were a little too late in the season for them.

88 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Gourliza decorticans, Hook., Bot. Misc., iii, 208, pl. evi.

Pileomayo River, near the Falls (1024). May—June.

Very different in general appearance from the preceding species. Our peons called it an ‘‘algorroba.”? A small tree some 6 m. in height, much and stragglingly branched, all the shortest branches armed at the end with a sharp spine. The tree at the time of our visit was a mass of yellow flowers, the flowers not being in terminal racemes as in no. 888, but massed together in clusters of short racemes along the trunk and limbs, each raceme 3 cm. or less in length. One of the most noticeable things about the plant, in which it varies widely from 888, is the bark. The inner bark is green and smooth; as it grows older it rolls up and peels off in dry scrolls, leaving the young green bark in patches, thus imparting a singular appearance to the trunk. In all the specimens that I saw the

_. flowers were infertile, dropping off and setting no fruit. We were

in the vicinity for two months, at least, and I should have found fruit bad the trees borne any.

Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.), Britton. Cesalpinia dubia, Spreng., Syst. Veg., ii, 343 (1825). Peltophorum Vogelianum, Benth. in Hook. Jour. Bot., ii, 75 (1840).

Asuncion (685). April.

A tree with smooth bark, growing from 6 to 12 m. in height. Young twigs and inflorescence covered with ferruginous down. Leaves 20-30 cm. long, bipinnate; pinne oblong, numerous, 4-8 cm. long; leaflets 20—40 pairs, oblong, bright green, shining above, oblique at the base, 6-8 mm. long. Flowers in very long, terminal racemes, bright yellow, on pedicels 1-14 cm. long. Fruit a flat, smooth, and glabrous legume, 6-8 cm. long, pointed at both ends, with 2 sharp edges, containing a few bean-like seeds. This tree is an abundant bloomer, and forms a conspicuous object in the woods about Asuncion when in blossom.

Czsalpinia melanocarpa, Gris., Symb. Flor. Arg., 114.

Pileomayo River (912). February.

A large tree 16 or 25 m. in height, known among the natives as Guiacén. The leaves bipinnate, having 3-4 pairs of pinne and 1 odd one; leaflets about 10 pairs, very small, obtuse. I found it only in fruit, which consists of an oval or obovate, flattish pod 5—4 cm. in length and about 2 cm. in width, with 2-5 small flattish seeds lying crosswise. The tree has a very smooth, green, thin bark,

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 89

which is easily peeled off. The heart-wood is dark in color, some- what bluish in tint, glossy when dry, the outer wood white, and all the wood very hard and susceptible of a fine polish,

Cesalpinia pulcherrima (L.), Sw., Obs., 166.

Asuncion (150). November—February.

A very handsome shrub, with large, showy racemes of red flowers at the ends of the branches, much cultivated in gardens at Asuncion. 5 red sepals, somewhat obovate, alternate with the petals and about one-third as long; petals large, with broad, round, crimped sum- mits, clawed, whitish on the edges, spread wide open in flower, red and pale yellow; stamens and styles filiform, much exserted. Flowers numerous and elegant in appearance. A thorny shrub with handsome bipinnate leaves. Fruit a legume bearing several large seeds. |

Parkinsonia aculeata, L., Sp. Pl., 375.

Asuncion (151); Pileomayo River (1094). November—December.

This thorny shrub, cultivated in Asuncion gardens, vies in beauty with no. 150. I found it growing wild on the banks of the Pilco- mayo, but at that time without flowers or fruit. Very different, however, from its rival. The leaves, instead of being bipinnate, might almost be called pinnate phyllodia, as they consist of a very narrow blade 6-20 cm. long, bearing on the sides short oblong pinne in pairs, 6-8 mm. apart. These leaves are very numerous, drooping, and impart an elegant appearance to the plant. Flowers in racemes at the ends of the branches, numerous, on pedicels about 24 em. long, light yellow. Sepals 5, reflexed in anthesis, one-third as long as the petals; petals 5, about equal, the standard of a brownish tint, all hairy at the base within. Stamens and styles filiform, exserted. Legume narrow, few seeded. Flowers not as ' abundant or showy as in no. 150, but the peculiar leaves give it an appearance almost as elegant. It is much used as a border along the garden sides and streets in the suburban portions of Asuncion, growing 3-8 m. in height. The numerous sharp spines with which it is armed secure it very effectually from molestation.

Cassia absus, L., Sp. Pl., 376. _ Asuncion (700). May.

The Cassias are very numerous in Paraguay, the most of them tall, shrubby plants with showy yellow flowers, and long, many- seeded pods.

90 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

I note a few points of difference among those here enumerated. No. 700 is a glandular, much-branched herbaceous plant from 3 to 6 dm. high. The petiolar gland is erect, acute, one between tke base of each pair of leaflets. Stamens 5-7, perfect, unequal. Fruit a small, flat, glandular-hairy legume 3-4 cm. long and 4 cm. wide, containing 6—8 seeds. Found in old cultivated fields.

Cassia alata, L., Sp. Pl., 378.

Asuncion (6438). April.

A coarse, rank, showy-flowered shrub, much branched, 2-3 m. high, cultivated in Asuncion gardens and running wild. Pinne 8-11 pairs; leaflets oblong or obovate, 6-10 cm. long, 3-6 em. broad. Flowers very numerous, in long terminal racemes. Legume long, 2-winged, the wings on opposite sides and with many cross ribs which correspond to the septa, containing as many seeds as there are septa, 10-12 cm.in length and 1-14 cm. wide.

Cassia bicapsularis, L., Sp. Pl., 376.

Asuncion (631). March—April.

A smooth shrub 2-24 m. in height, growing in the environs of Asuncion. Leaflets large, 4 or 5 pairs, with a thick, greenish, oblong, top-shaped or almost globular gland between the lowest pair, and the whole leaf 8 or 10 cm. in length. Flowers showy, 2-3 em. in diameter when expanded. Stamens 10,7 perfect and 3 abortive. Pod nearly cylindrical, often 16 cm. long and only 4 em. in diame- ter, with 2 furrows on opposite sides. On the Pilcomayo River in fruit.

Cassia corymbosa, Lam., Encye., i, 644. Asuncion (776); Pilecomayo River (1095 and 1096). May—June. A shrub some 2 m. or more in height. Leaves with 2—4 leaflets and an oval or globular gland between the first pair. Flowers few, rather small. Pod 10-15 cm. long, 1 em. in diameter, with 2 convex sides and 2 deep furrows. Not common.

Cassia leptocarpa, Benth., Linnea, xxii, 528.

Asuncion (82). November.

A shrub with smooth, striate stem, some 2 m. in height, growing in thickets about Asuncion. Leaflets 5 or 6 pairs. Flowers moder- ately large, but showy. Stamens 10, in 8 groups, 2 long, 4 shorter, all 6 fertile, the other 4 short and abortive. Fruit a thick, angular

Plants Collected in Paraguay. Sil

legume 15-20 cm. long, 3 mm. broad, very abundant. The petiolar gland at the base of the petiole, and none between the leaflets Downy on the upper part of the stem, petioles, and leaflet margins.

Cassia mimusoides, L., Sp. Pl., 379.

Caballero (404); Pilecomayo River (938). January—March.

This species much resembles our North American P. nictitans, L., although often much larger, sometimes reaching a height of 6 dm. Stems suffrutescent at base, simple or branched. Flowers yellow, small, in clusters or solitary on the stem. Gland elongated, cup- shaped. Stem and leaves hirsute. Leaflets small, mucronate, 14-36 pairs, linear-oblong, oblique.

Cassia Morongii, Britton, n. sp.

Section Chamefistula. A shrub 13-2 m. high, the twigs, petioles, leaves and inflorescence densely pubescent. Branches striate or angled; leaves short-petioled 6—10-foliolate, 6-10 cm. long; leaflets 4 pairs, sessile, oblong- lanceolate, acutish and mucronate at the apex, rounded at the base, 3-4 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide; a sessile gland in the axil of one of the lower pairs ; racemes 3—5-flowered, short-peduncled, terminal and in the axils of the upper- most leaves; pedicels 4-8 mm. long; flowers bright yellow, 1-2 cm. broad; legume stipitate, quadrangular, pubescent with scattered hairs, 5-6 cm. long, 6-7 mm. thick, the valves reticulated.

Pilcomayo River (1015). April. Resembles C. tomentosa, but the pod very different.

A tall, branching shrub, occurring sparsely on the banks of the Pileomayo. Flowers showy, in axillary clusters. The pod has a sharp, subulate point, and contains from 30 to 40 small seeds lying crosswise in as many cells. This was found at the Falls and in one or two other places on the river, and always attracted attention by its bright yellow flowers.

Cassia mucronifera, Mart., Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 2,116.

Villa Rica (613). January.

Stems and leaflets fuscous-hairy. Leaflets 2 or 8 pairs. Glands erect, oblong, between each of the 2 lower pairs of leaflets, not cup-— shaped. Flowers smaller than in no. 82 or 350. A shrub 9 to 12 dm. in height, growing upon the open campo at Villa Rica. It has long, sharp and hairy stipules, not so deciduous as in most of the species.

92 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Cassia oblongifolia, Vog., Syn. Cass., 23.

Asuncion (350); Pileomayo River (1097). December—January.

This merits the specific name bestowed upon it by Vogel, for the leaflets of 4 pairs are decidedly oblong, being 34 em. long by 14 em. broad. It is a much branched shrub, 13-2 m. in height, with a terete stem, downy on the young branches. Flowers large, con- spicuous, in terminal, leafy racemes, the corolla often 4 em. in diameter when expanded, and spread wide open rotately. Glands large, thick, one between each of the 2 lowest pairs of leaflets, or one only. Fruit a cylindrical pod 6-10 cm. long and some 6 or 7 mm. in breadth. Common in thickets.

Cassia occidentalis, L., Sp. Pl., 377.

Asuncion (41). November—December.

A shrub 12-15 dm. in height, common both in the streets of Asuncion and in fields on the outskirts of the town. Stem smooth, terete or angled above. The whole plant rather ill-smelling. Leaf- lets 4 or 5 pairs; petiole with a swollen articulation at its junction with the stem, and a large, purple gland on its upper side at that point. Flowers in small terminal clusters. Fruit a flat pod 7 or 8 cm. long, with a thick margin on each side; seeds oval, some 30 or more in the pod.

Cassia pilifera, Vog., Syn. Cass., 23.

Near Jaquaron (665). April.

A Cassia with the lowest stems and the largest flowers of any that I have seen in Paraguay. Stems not over 3 dm. in height, shrubby, with long, scattered white hairs, angled, often prone or bending over towards the ground. Leaflets in 2 pairs, large, oval, mucronate, ciliate on the margins and hairy on the veins beneath. Flowers very showy, bright yellow, often 6 cm. in diameter when expanded, frequently lying upon the ground from the bending of the stems. Fruit a narrow, linear, downy pod, 25 or more cm. in length. A large patch of this was found in the clearing around a native’s house on the road between Pirayu and Jaquaron, some 30 miles from Asuncion.

Cassia rotundifolia, Pers., Syn., i, 456.

Asuncion (171). November. | A small, clover-like plant, from 13 to 18 cm. in height. Stem shrubbyish, covered with small, appressed, scattered hairs. Leaf-

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 93

lets 2, ciliate on the margins, rounded at the apex, narrowing and oblique at the base, sessile, with a weak spinulose stipel. Flowers very small, axillary, on a long peduncle, which is bent downwards ata sharp angle with the stem, bright yellow. Fruit a legume about 3 cm. long when ripe. |

Cassia serpens, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 541.

Asuncion (236). December.

A small trailing, branching shrub, 10-20 em. long, growing in open, sandy grounds, Roots thick, woody, apparently perennial. Stem pilose. Leaflets 4-5 pairs, oblong, cuspidate, oblique at the base, sessile, 3-5 nerved, 5-8 mm. long. Gland stipitate. Flowers bright yellow, solitary, on filiform pedicels 14-5 cm. long. Stamens with long anthers and: scarcely any filaments. Legume not quite 3 cm. in length.

Cassia splemdida, Vog., Syn. Cass., 17.

Near Caballero (426). January.

A very large-flowered and showy shrub, 1-1} m. high, widely branched. Stem smooth. Leaflets in 2 pairs, some of them 9 cm. long and 4 cm. wide. Flowers almost as large as no. 665. Glands ‘horn-like, one between each of the two pairs of leaflets. Stipules bristle-shaped.

Cassia Tora, L., Sp. Pl., 376.

_ Asuncion (175). November.

A shrub 1-14 m. in height, with a strong, rank odor. Stem terete below, 4-gonous above, striate, covered with small black ‘glands or tubercles. Leaflets in 3 pairs, the gland thick, spotted with black, looking like a wart between the two lowest pairs. Flowers small, not over 1 cm. in diameter when expanded. Legume 8-10 cm. in length and 4 mm. wide, squarish, on articu- lated pedicels 2-3 cm. long, containing 25 or more greenish-yellow, rhomboidal, slightly shining seeds.

Bauhinia microphylla, Vog., Linnea, xiii, 301.

Asuncion (284a). December.

A stragglingly-branched shrub or small tree from 3 to 6 m. in height, armed with spines. The branches usually bend down- wards. Bark purplish, smooth, striate. Leaflets a single pair,

94 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

small, at the end of a filiform petiole, a small spine projecting between them at the base. The stipules consist of small spines. Flowers greenish, in terminal racemes or clusters. The calyx is entire, splitting down on one side when the flower opens, the tube marked by 10 ridges. Legume 8-15 em. long, with a fleshy pulp; seeds small, flattish, shining. The leaves are prettily marked with purple-branching veins. This shrub is not very abundant, occur- ring in thickets.

Piptadenia colubrina (Vell.), Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 2, 282. ; Asuncion (371, 804 and 829a). Flower October; fruit January. A handsome tree with smooth lightish-gray bark, from 10 to 13° m. in height. It has a head of drooping limbs, and light, graceful foliage. Leaves bipinnate, with 10-25 pairs of pinne; each pinna with 50 or more pairs of light green, minute, oblong leaflets. The main rachis is channelled above, and one-third of the way up the petiole there is a small, oblong, flat red. gland which looks like an insect resting upon it. Flowers light yellow, in globular heads, axillary, in pairs. Fruit a large, flat pod, 4-17 em. long, 2-34 cm. wide, with raised borders on each valve, dehiscing on the lower side; the upper side, and sometimes the lower, wavy or irregularly and deeply notched, imparting a jointed look to it. The pod contains from 6 to 12 flat, dark brown, smooth seeds. This tree grows in sandy, open grounds. The native name was given to me variously, now as Yarupi, and now as Oypay, the y sounding something like the French u.

Piptadenia communis, Benth. in Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 2, 279.

Asuncion (756). Young fruit, June 20.

A tree similar to no. 371 in general appearance, in foliage, and fruit, but handsomer in shape, the bark whitish, very smooth, and the limbs rising upward and bending over in a graceful curve. The petiolar gland is small, oval, and cup-shaped. It attains a height of from 16 to 20 m., and forms a beautiful object in the monte around Asuncion. - The leaves have only 6-9 pairs of pinne, the ultimate segments a little larger than those of no. 371, somewhat faleate in shape. The native name, as I understood it, is Verayu.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 95

Piptadenia rigida, Benth., Hook. Jour. Bot., iv, 338.

Asuncion (744 and 825). Flower November; fruit May.

A tree similar to the two preceding species, with very smooth, light-gray bark, growing from 10 to 16 m. in height, common in the vicinity of Asuncion. Petiolar gland green, elongated, cup- shaped. Flowers greenish-yellow, in axillary, cylindrical spikes 4 or 5cm.in length. Pinne 2-6 pairs, ultimate segments somewhat faleate, dark green, 16-30 pairs. Legume 3-10 cm. long and 1-14 em. broad, containing 2-6 flat, round seeds, which are attached by long threads to the upper suture, and\enveloped in a hyaline mem- brane.

Prosopis Alsarobilla, Gris., Pl. Lorentz, 83.

Near Luque (851). December.

An ungainly, very thorny tree, with straggling branches, 5—7 m. high, growing on the open campo near the railroad track between Paragua and Luque. ‘This is known to the natives as Espanilla, a name commonly given to spiny leguminous trees. Also often called Algarobo. Flowers white, in slender spikes 6-10 cm. long, either among the leaves or on naked branches. Legumes slightly curved, constricted between the seeds, 7 or 8 cm. long, containing 6-8 seeds. Leaves 2-5 cm. long, glabrous or the rachis puberulent; leaflets 10-25 pairs, oblong, 3-nerved, the lateral nerves on the margins, mucronulate, 3-5 mm. long, sessile. Branches very flexuous.

Prosopis campestris, Gris., Pl. Lorentz, 84.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (481).

This tree, so far as my specimens go, differs from the preceding species only in having fewer and smaller leaves (2-3 cm. long), smaller leaflets (2-3 mm. long), and longer and much-curled legumes. Also called Espinilla.

Prosopis ruscifolia, Gris., Pl. Lorentz, 82.

Pilcomayo River (1098).

An algarobo 8-10 m. in height, very smooth; bark dark gray. Leaves pinnate, with 3 or 4 pairs of large, smooth, elliptical leaflets. Without flowers or fruit. The thorns of this tree are gigantic, some of them nearly a foot long and half an inch thick at the base, their wood densely hard, sharp-pointed, looking more like spears than thorns.

96 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Neptunia pubescens, Benth., Hook. Jour. Bot., iv, 356.

Between Paragua and Luque (857). December.

A slender trailing shrub 20-35 em. long, entirely unarmed. The leaves close at a touch as in Mimosa. It grows in hard dry soil. Leaves bipinnate, with 2—4 pairs of pinne and 8—25 pairs of minute leaflets. Flowers bright yellow, exceedingly pretty when fresh, in solitary globose heads, on peduncles 3 cm. in length. Fruit a smooth pod 2-3 cm. long and 5 or 6 mm. broad, flat, 2-edged, con- taining 6-10 seeds, 2 or 3 together, shortly stipitate. Only a minute, scattered pubescence on the leaf rachis.

Acuan virgata (L.), Med. Theod. Sp., 62. Desmanthus virgatus, Willd., Sp. Pl., iv, 1047.

Gran Chaco (202); Pilcomayo River (1099). November—Feb- ruary.

Stem branching, glabrous, angular, 1-14 m. high. Leaves bi- pinnate, pinne 2 or 3 pairs, with about 30 pairs of small, oblong, sessile leaflets on each pinnule. A large cup-shaped gland on the rachis at the base of the pinne. Flowers small, greenish-white, in small terminal clusters. Legumes 3-6 in the cluster, 4-6 cm. long, about 4 mm. wide, acutely pointed, flat, turning black when ripe. Seeds in one row, numerous, flattish, chestnut colored, shining. This plant is very common in old fields in the neighborhood of Asuncion.

Mimosa asperata, L., Sp. Pl., Ed. 2, 1507.

Asuncion (143). August-September.

The Mimosas are numerous in Paraguay. I collected 9 species, and there are many more. They are usually small shrubs, very spiny, often trailing upon the ground, always with handsome heads of flowers. I give notes upon these species in order to show the differences among them, which are sometimes very striking.

No. 143 forms dense, almost impenetrable, thickets on the bor- ders of the Paraguay River, in the lowlands near Asuncion. It is a thorny shrub 3-5 m. high, much-branched, the thorns straight or a little hooked, 3-6 mm. long on the stem and petioles. Leaves bipinnate, with 5-10 pairs of pinne, some of the pinne 8 cm. long and bearing 41 pairs of leaflets, the leaves often 20 cm. long. Flowers purple, in terminal racemes. Young shoots and stems fuscous-hairy. Fruit a large legume, 5-6 cm. long and 1 cm. wide,

Plants Collected in Paraguay. SM

thickly covered with fuscous hairs, usually 3-6 together and spread- ing divaricately, pluri-celled, a large flat seed in each cell.

Mimosa Balansez, Mich., Mem. Soc. Geneve, xxviii, No. 7, p. 52.

Asuncion (1500). August-September.

A small shrub, 15-25 em. high, with tough roots, growing on grassy knolls. Pinne 2, divaricate, at the apex of a petiole 10-15 mm. long. Leaflets 6-10 pairs, oblong, mucronulate, pubescent, 5 or 6 mm. long. Heads purple, on short peduncles. Legumes hairy, 10-15 mm. long, 2-3 seeded.

Mimosa conferta, Benth., Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 2, 331.

Between Villa Rica and Escoba (477). January.

This I did not find in flower, but the fruit is very peculiar, the legumes rolling themselves into balls, which are 3 em. in diameter when mature. They are densely clothed with long, rather weak prickles. A shrub 1-14 m. in height, stems and petioles covered with prickles like those on the fruit. Leaves of 2 pinne, at the end of a petiole; pinne 5-7 cm. long, with about 20 pairs of oblong- cuspidate leaflets.

Mimosa diversipila, Mich., |. ¢., 57.

Caballero (429 and 504). = Balansa 1463. January.

A. fuscous-hirsute.and lepidote species, with an angular, spineless stem 5-9 dm. high. Pinne 2, at the end of a very short petiole or sessile, 4-6 cm. long. Leaflets oblong, cuspidate, oblique, strongly lepidote and hirsute, about 8 mm. long, 12-20 pairs. Flowers racemosely disposed on long naked terminal stalks. Heads globose, about 1 cm. in diameter, purple, on short peduncles.

Mimosa Moronsgii, Britton, n. sp.

Branches and petioles pubescent with spreading hairs; petioles slender, 1-2 cm. long; pinne 4-6, digitate, short-stalked, 14-2 cm. long; leaflets approximate, 14-18 pairs, obliquely linear-oblong, acutish, 3-5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, hirsute-pubescent beneath, glabrous above; peduncles axillary, longer than the petioles ; heads globose-ovoid, 1-15 cm. long; legumes sessile, 2-3-jointed, linear-oblong, acute, 14 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, the joints papillose and somewhat pubescent. Similar to M. digitata, Benth.

Central Paraguay (728). May. The same as Balansa’s no. 1478 from Trinidad, referred by M. Micheli to M. hirsuta, Spreng. Annats N. Y. Acap. Scr., VII, Jan. 1893.—7

98 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

A small creeping plant, 15-30 cm. in length, growing in hard soil on the Gran Campo near Luque. Prickles few, small, straight, mostly just under the leaves. Flowers a light purple, the heads spreading and very pretty, especially in early morning when the fresh dew is upon them. The heads of flowers upon this small plant are quite striking, and its persistency upon the railroad track over which trains are daily passing, and over which many people are daily tramping, exhibits a toughness of vitality which deserves notice.

Mimosa polycarpa, Kunth, Mim. 8,-t. 3.

Asuncion (101, 851, 773 and 779). Between Villa Rica and Escoba (455). November—May. |

An erect, armed shrub 12-15 dm. in height, with beautiful, bluish- purple flowers. Stems striate, covered with small, dark glands, and armed with stout, curved or straight spines. Leaves bipinnate, or, rather, with 2 long pinnate divisions at the end of a petiole 1 cm. in length. Between these divisions is a projecting spine. Pinne

with 30 or more pairs of leaflets, which are spiny-serrate, and with a_

projecting spine at the apex. Fruit a spine-clothed Joment of 3 or 4 joints, usually borne in clusters, 4-12 or more in a cluster. Leaves very sensitive. Common in thickets.

Mimosa rixosa, Mart.; Benth. in Hook. Jour. Bot., iv, 361.

Asuncion (131). November.

Creeping on the ground or climbing upon other shrubs. Stems slender, clothed with hirsute, spreading hairs and numerous down- wardly curved prickles, which have a dilated base. Flowers a beautiful bluish-purple; heads 8-10 mm. in diameter, often twin, on peduncles 1-2 cm. long. 2 pairs of pinne at the end of a petiole 2-5 em. long. Leaflets 2 pairs, oblong-elliptical or obovate, the first pair very unequal, one being 2-3 cm. long and 7-10 mm. wide, and the other 8 or 4 mm. long, all of them glabrous above and sparsely setose or hirsute beneath, callous and setose margined, the larger ones mucronate and the smaller aristate. Loments many in a cluster, very setose, 1-2 cm. long, few-seeded.

Mimosa Alleniana, Morong, n. sp.

A low plant, with angular or striate ferruginous-hirsute stem. A close somewhat glandular down, under the spreading hairs. Leaves mostly conju- gate, but occasionally with 2 pairs of pinne on divaricate petiolules ; common

Plants Collected in Paraguay. oe

petiole 8-15 mm. long; secondary petiole about 5 mm., hairy like the stem. Pinne about 4 cm. long, often a little curved; leaflets 5 or 6 mm. long and 2 mm. wide, 15-25 pairs, oblong, sessile, oblique at the base, mucronulate, glabrous or minutely pubescent above, appressed-pilose beneath, ciliate with long hairs, 1- rarely 2-ribbed, the midrib approximate to the margin; cross- nerves distinct, 5 or 6 on each side of the midrib. Stipules persistent, lanceo- late, very acute, striate, ciliate and pubescent, 5 or 6 mm. long. Flowers not seen. Bracts ciliate. Legumes 1-1} cm. long, 4 mm. wide, with 2-4 joints, constricted between the joints, apiculate, strongly appressed-pilose all over.

Railroad track between Escoba and Caballero (1501). January.

Named for Dr. T. F. Allen, of New York, a generous donor to the equipment of the expedition.

Schrankia leptocarpa, D.C., Mem. Leg., 12.

Asuncion (85). November—December.

A stiff, angular-stemmed shrub, creeping on the ground, or run- ning over bushes, to which it clings by its spines. Stems with numerous, small, hooked spines, 15-24 dm. in length. Leaves bi- pinnate, the rachis with a circle of spines at the base, and smaller spines along its face; 4 or 5 pairs of pinne, a weak spine between each pair; leaflets about 15 pairs, the secondary rachis ending with a weak spine. Flowers bright, bluish-purple, in heads, the long projecting stamens and styles giving them an elegant appearance. Fruit a narrow, straight legume 6 cm. long, having upon it 10 or more rows of straight sharp sete; seeds black, shining, irregular in shape. The leaves of this plant are as sensitive as those of a Mimosa, closing at a touch. Common in thickets.

Acacia aroma, Gillies in Hook. Bot., iii, 206.

Pilcomayo River (931 and 1502). February.

A thorny shrub 14-4 m. high. Leaves bipinnate, with spiny stipules. Spines on the stems long and sharp. Flowers yellow, in globular balls, about 1 cm. in diameter, and closely packed together. The long, bright yellow, exserted stamens form the visible part of the flower. Fruit a hairy legume, moniliform, 5—7 cm. long, with 5-8 joints. The flowers are not fragrant.

Acacia Bonariensis, Gillies, Hook. Bot. Misce., iii, 207.

Asuncion (49). November, A very thorny shrub 2-5 m. high. Stem angled, smooth or minutely downy, covered with long, sharp, dangerous spines

100 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Leaves bipinnate. Flowers light yellow, numerous, in slightly ob- long (12-15 by 10-12 mm.) heads, which are racemosely arranged at the ends of the branches. - Legume 4—6 cm. long, 15 mm. broad, irregularly moniliform. The graceful foliage and elegant flowers of this shrub are pleasant to look at, but the spines inflict dangerous wounds, which are liable to cause gangrene in the hot climate of Paraguay. Common in thickets.

Acacia Farnesiana (L.), Willd., Sp. Pl., iv, 1083.

Asuncion (751). June—July.

The well-known ‘“‘Aromita,”’ which occurs in many parts of South America, on both sides of the Andes. It is a straggling shrub, 2-8 m. in height, armed with stout, dangerous thorns. Flowers a deep yellow, in small, globular, fuzzy-looking heads. These are much esteemed for their fragrance, and when placed in bureau- drawers or trunks impart a delightful odor to clothing. Fruit a turgid, fusiform pod, 3 or 4 cm. long, filled with a white, cottony substance, in which many small, lenticular seeds are imbedded. Cultivated in gardens and common in thickets.

Acacia?

Pilcomayo River (1050).

A tall, slender tree some 25 feet high, with slate-colored bark on the trunk, and small hooked spines along the branches. Leaves delicate, bipinnate, with a small, round, flat gland one-third of the distance up the petiole. Pinne in 3 or 4 pairs, 5 cm. long; leaflets 3-5 mm. long, downy, mucronulate, 15-35 pairs, light green in color.

Acacia.

Suburbs of Asuncion (1503). == Balansa 1428.

Both M. Balansa’s and Dr. Morong’s specimens were collected only in fruit. N. L. B.

A small tree 4-6 m. high, glabrous, with gray bark and flexuous branches, the branches glabrescent or puberulent. Spines small, curved downwards, dilated at base, scattered or infra-petiolar. Leaves bipinnate, with 2-4 pairs of pinne, without glands; leaflets 10-15 pairs, glabrous, linear, acute at the apex, oblique at the base, 2-3 nerved, 3-5 mm. long, not quite 1 mm. broad. Common petiole 1-14 cm. long, downy. Stipules subulate, deciduous. Flowers not seen. Legumes flat, glabrous, 2-4 cm. long, 8-10 mm.

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 101

wide, irregularly moniliform, containing 4—8 oblong, flat, fuscous, shining seeds.

Annesleya parvifolia (H. and A.), Britton. Inga parvifolia, H. and A. in Hook. Bot. Misce., iii, 202, Calliandra bicolor, Benth. in Hook. Jour. Bot., ii, 139.

Near Caballero (412). January.

A beautiful plant 15-25 em. high, growing by the railway track. Leaves bipinnate; 4 or 5 pairs of pinne and 30 or more pairs of small leaflets. The flowers are exceedingly striking, a large cluster of them standing at the top of a long peduncle, the tubular corolla mingled red and purple, and surmounted by a mass of long, filiform or plumose purple stamens. 18 or 20 of these flowers are in the cluster, each on a short pedicel. I found only 2 or 3 of these charm- ing plants, though I searched long for more. They must be rare. Fruit not seen.

Pithecolobium scalare, Gris., Symb. Flor. Arg., 123.

Asuncion (801). October.

A tree from 8 to 13 m. in height, with shaggy or broken, brown bark. Thorny, but often unarmed; the spines when they occur 2 together, diverging, at a leafy node. Leaves bipinnate; pinnz 2-3 ._ pairs, the pairs far apart. Flowers light yellow, looking much like those of an Inga, which I at first took it to be. They occur in axillary clusters, the corolla looking as though it were telescoped by the calyx, and the stamens long and exserted. On the rachis between the 3 pairs of pinne, and also on the secondary rachis between the pairs of leaflets are green scutelliform glands. In open grounds on the outskirts of the city. No fruit.

Pithecolobium Paraguayense, Benth., Trans. Linn. Soc., xxx, 574.

Lympio (736). May.

An unarmed shrub or small tree, with straggling branches, 3-6 m. in height. Stem smooth, grayish-white, warty. Leaves 4-binate, that is, with 2 pairs of binate leaflets, which are on a slender com- mon petiole. Hach pair on a divaricate petiolule, and each leaflet on a short articulated petiolule of its own. Not found in flower. Fruit a black, rough, or velvety pod, about 4 cm. long and 1 cm. broad, containing a single row of white, enamelled seeds, attached to the valves by threads. The pods dehisce along the lower suture, and the seeds are persistently attached by their threads. Thickets.

102 Plants Collected in Paraguay.

Pithecolobium cauliflorum (Willd.), Mart. Fl. Bras., xv, pt. 2, 450?

Gran Chaco (360). December.

Agrees well with this species as to foliage and flowers; but the pod is only 5cm long and about 2.5 cm. broad. It is the same as Balansa’s no. 1386, incorrectly referred by Micheli to P. divari- catum, Benth., of which I have seen the type in Herb. Kew.—N.L.B.

One of the most curious trees that I found in Paraguay. It is thickly, stragglingly branched, some 8 m. or more in height, very knotty, with white, broken bark. Entirely unarmed, but with a mass of strong, ungainly limbs, Leaves coriaceous, digitately bi- pinnate, that is, with 2 sets of pinnz which diverge from the end of a common petiole or rachis, each with 2-6 leaflets. The flowers are large, white on the calyx and corolla tube, with numerous, showy, exserted purple stamens, in naked clusters on the old wood, frequently on very large limbs. Styles as long as the stamens, purple-colored above, and these with the numerous stamens (50 or more) are very conspicuous, especially as the flowers are borne on the old leafless portions of the branches. Fruit an arcuate, flat pod 3-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, containing 2-5 roundish, flat, smooth seeds, quite as curious as the flowers.

Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.), Morong. Mimosa contortisiliqua, Vell., Flor. Flum., xi, t. 25. Enterolobium Timbouva, Benth. in Hook. Lond. Jour. Bot., ili, 224.

Asuncion (271). November—December.

One of the most noble trees in Paraguay, known popularly as the Timbo. Frequently cultivated as_a shade tree in the streets and gardens of Asuncion, and common on the open campos around the city. It grows to the height of 25 m., and its wood is used in the construction of boats and in cabinet-work. It has a smooth bark on the trunk, which on the branches becomes purplish, shining and warty. Leaves bipinnate, bright green, giving a light, elegant appearance to the tree. The branches rise in a beautiful symmetri- eal head, bearing the leaves near their ends. Flowers white with a delicate yellowish tinge, in clustered heads on a common peduncle. Fruit a large, reniform pod, the largest 6 cm. broad and 5 cm. long, pluricelled, containing many oval, hard seeds.

One of the few deciduous trees of Paraguay, the leaves dropping

Plants Collected in Paraguay. 103

off in April or June, and the fruit hanging on conspicuously till July and August.

Inga afffinis, D.C., Prod., ii, 433.

Asuncion (528). October—January.

A small, rather handsome tree 5-8 m. in height, with long limbs and thick foliage. Leaves pinnate, with 4 pairs of pinne, the leaf- lets elliptical or lanceolate, a little shining above, sessile, entire, the rachis between the pairs winged. Between each pair of leaflets is a cup-shaped gland. Fruit an edille legume, 8-10 cm. in length, with 2 thick, raised, fleshy margins, very downy, and with 10 or